Yesaya 5:10

5:10 Indeed, a large vineyard ¹  will produce just a few gallons, ² 

and enough seed to yield several bushels ³  will produce less than a bushel.” ⁴ 

Yesaya 5:30

5:30 At that time ⁵  they will growl over their prey, ⁶ 

it will sound like sea waves crashing against rocks. ⁷ 

One will look out over the land and see the darkness of disaster,

clouds will turn the light into darkness. ⁸ 

Yesaya 10:33

10:33 Look, the sovereign master, the Lord who commands armies,

is ready to cut off the branches with terrifying power. ⁹ 

The tallest trees ¹⁰  will be cut down,

the loftiest ones will be brought low.

Yesaya 16:9

16:9 So I weep along with Jazer ¹¹ 

over the vines of Sibmah.

I will saturate you ¹²  with my tears, Heshbon and Elealeh,

for the conquering invaders shout triumphantly

over your fruit and crops. ¹³ 

Yesaya 24:15

24:15 So in the east ¹⁴  extol the Lord,

along the seacoasts extol ¹⁵  the fame ¹⁶  of the Lord God of Israel.

Yesaya 25:2

25:2 Indeed, ¹⁷  you have made the city ¹⁸  into a heap of rubble,

the fortified town into a heap of ruins;

the fortress of foreigners ¹⁹  is no longer a city,

it will never be rebuilt.

Yesaya 28:18

28:18 Your treaty with death will be dissolved; ²⁰ 

your agreement ²¹  with Sheol will not last. ²² 

When the overwhelming judgment sweeps by, ²³ 

you will be overrun by it. ²⁴ 

Yesaya 28:22

28:22 So now, do not mock,

or your chains will become heavier!

For I have heard a message about decreed destruction,

from the sovereign master, the Lord who commands armies, against the entire land. ²⁵ 

Yesaya 29:5

29:5 But the horde of invaders will be like fine dust,

the horde of tyrants ²⁶  like chaff that is blown away.

It will happen suddenly, in a flash.

Yesaya 34:7

34:7 Wild oxen will be slaughtered ²⁷  along with them,

as well as strong bulls. ²⁸ 

Their land is drenched with blood,

their soil is covered with fat.

Yesaya 40:24

40:24 Indeed, they are barely planted;

yes, they are barely sown;

yes, they barely take root in the earth,

and then he blows on them, causing them to dry up,

and the wind carries them away like straw.

Yesaya 60:21

60:21 All of your people will be godly; ²⁹ 

they will possess the land permanently.

I will plant them like a shoot;

they will be the product of my labor,

through whom I reveal my splendor. ³⁰ 

[5:10]  ¹ tn Heb “a ten-yoke vineyard.” The Hebrew term צֶמֶד (tsemed, “yoke”) is here a unit of square measure. Apparently a ten-yoke vineyard covered the same amount of land it would take ten teams of oxen to plow in a certain period of time. The exact size is unknown.

[5:10]  ² tn Heb “one bath.” A bath was a liquid measure. Estimates of its modern equivalent range from approximately six to twelve gallons.

[5:10]  ³ tn Heb “a homer.” A homer was a dry measure, the exact size of which is debated. Cf. NCV “ten bushels”; CEV “five bushels.”

[5:10]  ⁴ tn Heb “an ephah.” An ephah was a dry measure; there were ten ephahs in a homer. So this verse envisions major crop failure, where only one-tenth of the anticipated harvest is realized.

[5:30]  ⁵ tn Or “in that day” (KJV).

[5:30]  ⁶ tn Heb “over it”; the referent (the prey) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[5:30]  ⁷ tn Heb “like the growling of the sea.”

[5:30]  ⁸ tn Heb “and one will gaze toward the land, and look, darkness of distress, and light will grow dark by its [the land’s?] clouds.”

[5:30]  sn The motif of light turning to darkness is ironic when compared to v. 20. There the sinners turn light (= moral/ethical good) to darkness (= moral/ethical evil). Now ironically the Lord will turn light (= the sinners’ sphere of existence and life) into darkness (= the judgment and death).

[10:33]  ⁹ tc The Hebrew text reads “with terrifying power,” or “with a crash.” מַעֲרָצָה (ma’aratsah, “terrifying power” or “crash”) occurs only here. Several have suggested an emendation to מַעֲצָד (ma’atsad, “ax”) parallel to “ax” in v. 34; see HALOT 615 s.v. מַעֲצָד and H. Wildberger, Isaiah, 1:448.

[10:33]  sn As in vv. 12 (see the note there) and 18, the Assyrians are compared to a tree/forest in vv. 33-34.

[10:33]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “the exalted of the height.” This could refer to the highest branches (cf. TEV) or the tallest trees (cf. NIV, NRSV).

[16:9]  ¹¹ tn Heb “So I weep with the weeping of Jazer.” Once more the speaker (the Lord? – see v. 10b) plays the role of a mourner (see 15:5).

[16:9]  ¹² tc The form אֲרַיָּוֶךְ (’arayyavekh) should be emended to אֲרַוָּיֶךְ (’aravvayekh; the vav [ו] and yod [י] have been accidentally transposed) from רָוָה (ravah, “be saturated”).

[16:9]  ¹³ tn Heb “for over your fruit and over your harvest shouting has fallen.” The translation assumes that the shouting is that of the conqueror (Jer 51:14). Another possibility is that the shouting is that of the harvesters (see v. 10b, as well as Jer 25:30), in which case one might translate, “for the joyful shouting over the fruit and crops has fallen silent.”

[24:15]  ¹⁴ tc The Hebrew text reads literally, “in the lights,” interpreted by some to mean “in the region of light,” referring to the east. Some scholars have suggested the emendation of בָּאֻרִים (ba’urim) to בְּאִיֵּי הַיָּם (bÿ’iyyey hayyam, “along the seacoasts”), a phrase that is repeated in the next line. In this case, the two lines form synonymous parallelism. If one retains the MT reading (as above), “in the east” and “along the seacoasts” depict the two ends of the earth to refer to all the earth (as a merism).

[24:15]  ¹⁵ tn The word “extol” is supplied in the translation; the verb in the first line does double duty in the parallelism.

[24:15]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “name,” which here stands for God’s reputation achieved by his mighty deeds.

[25:2]  ¹⁷ tn Or “For” (KJV, NAB, NASB, NRSV).

[25:2]  ¹⁸ tn The Hebrew text has “you have made from the city.” The prefixed mem (מ) on עִיר (’ir, “city”) was probably originally an enclitic mem suffixed to the preceding verb. See J. N. Oswalt, Isaiah (NICOT), 1:456, n. 3.

[25:2]  ¹⁹ tc Some with support from the LXX emend זָרִים (zarim, “foreigners”) to זֵדִים (zedim, “the insolent”).

[28:18]  ²⁰ tn On the meaning of כָּפַר (kafar) in this context, see HALOT 494 s.v. I כפר and J. N. Oswalt, Isaiah (NICOT), 1:515, n. 9.

[28:18]  ²¹ tn Normally the noun חָזוּת (khazut) means “vision.” See the note at v. 15.

[28:18]  ²² tn Or “will not stand” (NIV, NRSV).

[28:18]  ²³ tn See the note at v. 15.

[28:18]  ²⁴ tn Heb “you will become a trampling place for it.”

[28:22]  ²⁵ tn Or “the whole earth” (KJV, ASV, NAB, NCV).

[29:5]  ²⁶ tn Or “violent men”; cf. NASB “the ruthless ones.”

[34:7]  ²⁷ tn Heb “will go down”; NAB “shall be struck down.”

[34:7]  ²⁸ tn Heb “and bulls along with strong ones.” Perhaps this refers to the leaders.

[60:21]  ²⁹ tn Or “righteous” (NASB, NIV, NRSV, NLT); NAB “just.”

[60:21]  ³⁰ tn Heb “a shoot of his planting, the work of my hands, to reveal splendor.”