Yesaya 5:16

5:16 The Lord who commands armies will be exalted ¹  when he punishes, ² 

the sovereign God’s authority will be recognized when he judges. ³ 

Yesaya 9:13

9:13 The people did not return to the one who struck them,

they did not seek reconciliation ⁴  with the Lord who commands armies.

Yesaya 10:26

10:26 The Lord who commands armies is about to beat them ⁵  with a whip, similar to the way he struck down Midian at the rock of Oreb. ⁶  He will use his staff against the sea, lifting it up as he did in Egypt. ⁷ 

Yesaya 21:10

21:10 O my downtrodden people, crushed like stalks on the threshing floor, ⁸ 

what I have heard

from the Lord who commands armies,

the God of Israel,

I have reported to you.

Yesaya 31:5

31:5 Just as birds hover over a nest, ⁹ 

so the Lord who commands armies will protect Jerusalem. ¹⁰ 

He will protect and deliver it;

as he passes over ¹¹  he will rescue it.

Yesaya 37:17

37:17 Pay attention, Lord, and hear! Open your eyes, Lord, and observe! Listen to this entire message Sennacherib sent and how he taunts the living God! ¹² 

Yesaya 54:5

54:5 For your husband is the one who made you –

the Lord who commands armies is his name.

He is your protector, ¹³  the Holy One of Israel. ¹⁴ 

He is called “God of the entire earth.”

[5:16]  ¹ tn Or “elevated”; TEV “the Lord Almighty shows his greatness.”

[5:16]  ² tn Heb “by judgment/justice.” When God justly punishes the evildoers denounced in the preceding verses, he will be recognized as a mighty warrior.

[5:16]  ³ tn Heb “The holy God will be set apart by fairness.” In this context God’s holiness is his sovereign royal authority, which implies a commitment to justice (see the note on the phrase “the sovereign king of Israel” in 1:4). When God judges evildoers as they deserve, his sovereignty will be acknowledged.

[5:16]  sn The appearance of מִשְׁפָט (mishpat, “justice”) and צְדָקָה (tsÿdaqah, “fairness”) here is rhetorically significant, when one recalls v. 7. There God denounces his people for failing to produce a society where “justice” and “fairness” are valued and maintained. God will judge his people for their failure, taking “justice” and “fairness” into his own hands.

[9:13]  ⁴ tn This verse describes the people’s response to the judgment described in vv. 11-12. The perfects are understood as indicating simple past.

[10:26]  ⁵ tn Heb “him” (so KJV, ASV, NASB); the singular refers to the leader or king who stands for the entire nation. This is specified by NCV, CEV as “the Assyrians.”

[10:26]  ⁶ sn According to Judg 7:25, the Ephraimites executed the Midianite general Oreb at a rock which was subsequently named after the executed enemy.

[10:26]  ⁷ tc The Hebrew text reads literally, “and his staff [will be] against the sea, and he will lift it in the way [or “manner”] of Egypt.” If the text is retained, “the sea” symbolizes Assyria’s hostility, the metaphor being introduced because of the reference to Egypt. The translation above assumes an emendation of עַל הַיָּם (’al hayyam, “against the sea”) to עַלֵיהֶם (’alehem, “against them”). The proposed shift from the third singular pronoun (note “beat him” earlier in the verse) to the plural is not problematic, for the singular is collective. Note that a third plural pronoun is used at the end of v. 25 (“their destruction”). The final phrase, “in the way/manner of Egypt,” probably refers to the way in which God used the staff of Moses to bring judgment down on Egypt.

[21:10]  ⁸ tn Heb “My trampled one, and the son of the threshing floor.”

[31:5]  ⁹ tn Heb “just as birds fly.” The words “over a nest” are supplied in the translation for clarification.

[31:5]  ¹⁰ map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.

[31:5]  ¹¹ tn The only other occurrence of this verb is in Exod 12:13, 23, 27, where the Lord “passes over” (i.e., “spares”) the Israelite households as he comes to judge their Egyptian oppressors. The noun פֶּסַח (pesakh, “Passover”) is derived from the verb. The use of the verb in Isa 31:5 is probably an intentional echo of the Exodus event. As in the days of Moses the Lord will spare his people as he comes to judge their enemies.

[37:17]  ¹² tn Heb “Hear all the words of Sennacherib which he sent to taunt the living God.”

[54:5]  ¹³ tn Or “redeemer.” See the note at 41:14.

[54:5]  ¹⁴ sn See the note on the phrase “the Holy One of Israel” in 1:4.