Yesaya 59:18
Konteks59:18 He repays them for what they have done,
dispensing angry judgment to his adversaries
and punishing his enemies. 1
He repays the coastlands. 2
Yehezkiel 25:12-17
Konteks25:12 “This is what the sovereign Lord says: ‘Edom 3 has taken vengeance against the house of Judah; they have made themselves fully culpable 4 by taking vengeance 5 on them. 6 25:13 So this is what the sovereign Lord says: I will stretch out my hand against Edom, and I will kill the people and animals within her, 7 and I will make her desolate; from Teman to Dedan they will die 8 by the sword. 25:14 I will exact my vengeance upon Edom by the hand of my people Israel. They will carry out in Edom my anger and rage; they will experience 9 my vengeance, declares the sovereign Lord.’”
25:15 “This is what the sovereign Lord says: ‘The Philistines 10 have exacted merciless revenge, 11 showing intense scorn 12 in their effort to destroy Judah 13 with unrelenting hostility. 14 25:16 So this is what the sovereign Lord says: Take note, I am about to stretch out my hand against the Philistines. I will kill 15 the Cherethites 16 and destroy those who remain on the seacoast. 25:17 I will exact great vengeance upon them with angry rebukes. 17 Then they will know that I am the Lord, when I exact my vengeance upon them.’”
Yoel 3:4
Konteks3:4 Why are you doing these things to me, Tyre and Sidon? 18
Are you trying to get even with me, land of Philistia? 19
I will very quickly repay you for what you have done! 20
Amos 1:6-10
Konteks1:6 This is what the Lord says:
“Because Gaza 21 has committed three crimes 22 –
make that four! 23 – I will not revoke my decree of judgment. 24
They deported a whole community 25 and sold them 26 to Edom.
1:7 So I will set Gaza’s city wall 27 on fire;
fire 28 will consume her fortresses.
1:8 I will remove 29 the ruler 30 from Ashdod, 31
the one who holds the royal scepter from Ashkelon. 32
I will strike Ekron 33 with my hand; 34
the rest of the Philistines will also die.” 35
The sovereign Lord has spoken!
1:9 This is what the Lord says:
“Because Tyre has committed three crimes 36 –
make that four! 37 – I will not revoke my decree of judgment. 38
They sold 39 a whole community 40 to Edom;
they failed to observe 41 a treaty of brotherhood. 42
1:10 So I will set fire to Tyre’s city wall; 43
fire 44 will consume her fortresses.”
[59:18] 1 tn Heb “in accordance with deeds, so he repays, anger to his adversaries, repayment to his enemies.”
[59:18] 2 tn Or “islands” (KJV, NIV).
[25:12] 3 sn Edom was located south of Moab.
[25:12] 4 tn Heb “and they have become guilty, becoming guilty.” The infinitive absolute following the finite verb makes the statement emphatic and draws attention to the degree of guilt incurred by Edom due to its actions.
[25:12] 5 tn Heb “and they have taken vengeance.”
[25:12] 6 sn Edom apparently in some way assisted in the destruction of Jerusalem in 587/6
[25:13] 7 tn Heb “and I will cut off from her man and beast.”
[25:15] 10 sn The Philistines inhabited the coastal plain by the Mediterranean Sea, west of Judah.
[25:15] 11 tn Heb “have acted with vengeance and taken vengeance with vengeance.” The repetition emphasizes the degree of vengeance which they exhibited, presumably toward Judah.
[25:15] 12 tn Heb “with scorn in (the) soul.”
[25:15] 13 tn The object is not specified in the Hebrew text, but has been clarified as “Judah” in the translation.
[25:15] 14 tn Heb “to destroy (with) perpetual hostility.” Joel 3:4-8 also speaks of the Philistines taking advantage of the fall of Judah.
[25:16] 15 tn In Hebrew the verb “and I will cut off” sounds like its object, “the Cherethites,” and draws attention to the statement.
[25:16] 16 sn This is a name for the Philistines, many of whom migrated to Palestine from Crete.
[25:17] 17 tn Heb “with acts of punishment of anger.”
[3:4] 18 tn Heb “What [are] you [doing] to me, O Tyre and Sidon?”
[3:4] 20 tn Heb “quickly, speedily, I will return your recompense on your head.” This is an idiom for retributive justice and an equitable reversal of situation.
[1:6] 21 sn Gaza was one of the five major Philistine cities (along with Ashdod, Ashkelon, Ekron, and Gath). It was considered to mark the southern limit of Canaan at the point on the coast where it was located (Gen 10:19).
[1:6] 22 tn Traditionally, “transgressions” (KJV, ASV, NASB, NRSV) or “sins” (NIV). For an explanation of the atrocities outlined in this oracle as treaty violations of God’s mandate to Noah in Gen 9:5-7, see the note on the word “violations” in 1:3.
[1:6] 23 tn Heb “Because of three violations of Gaza, even because of four.”
[1:6] sn On the three…four style that introduces each of the judgment oracles of chaps. 1-2 see the note on the word “four” in 1:3.
[1:6] 24 tn Heb “I will not bring it [or “him”] back.” The translation understands the pronominal object to refer to the decree of judgment that follows; the referent (the decree) has been specified in the translation for clarity. For another option see the note on the word “judgment” in 1:3.
[1:6] 25 tn Heb “[group of] exiles.” A number of English translations take this as a collective singular and translate it with a plural (e.g., NAB, NIV, NRSV).
[1:6] 26 tn Heb “in order to hand them over.”
[1:7] 27 sn The city wall symbolizes the city’s defenses and security.
[1:7] 28 tn Heb “it”; the referent (the fire mentioned in the previous line) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[1:8] 30 tn Heb “the one who sits.” Some translations take this expression as a collective singular referring to the inhabitants rather than the ruler (e.g., NAB, NRSV, NLT).
[1:8] 31 sn Ashdod was one of the five major Philistine cities (along with Ashkelon, Ekron, Gaza, and Gath).
[1:8] 32 sn Ashkelon was one of the five major Philistine cities (along with Ashdod, Ekron, Gaza, and Gath).
[1:8] 33 sn Ekron was one of the five major Philistine cities (along with Ashdod, Ashkelon, Gaza, and Gath).
[1:8] 34 tn Heb “I will turn my hand against Ekron.” For other uses of the idiom, “turn the hand against,” see Ps 81:14; Isa 1:25; Jer 6:9; Zech 13:7.
[1:8] 35 tn Heb “and the remnant of the Philistines will perish.” The translation above assumes that reference is made to other Philistines beside those living in the cities mentioned. Another option is to translate, “Every last Philistine will die.”
[1:9] 36 tn Traditionally, “transgressions” (KJV, ASV, NASB, NRSV) or “sins” (NIV). For an explanation of the atrocities outlined in this oracle as treaty violations of God’s mandate to Noah in Gen 9:5-7, see the note on the word “violations” in 1:3.
[1:9] 37 tn Heb “Because of three violations of Tyre, even because of four.”
[1:9] sn On the three…four style that introduces each of the judgment oracles of chaps. 1-2 see the note on the word “four” in 1:3.
[1:9] 38 tn Heb “I will not bring it [or “him”] back.” The translation understands the pronominal object to refer to the decree of judgment that follows; the referent (the decree) has been specified in the translation for clarity. For another option see the note on the word “judgment” in 1:3.
[1:9] 39 tn Heb “handed over.”
[1:9] 40 tn Heb “[group of] exiles.” A similar phrase occurs in v. 6.
[1:9] 41 tn Heb “did not remember.”
[1:9] 42 sn A treaty of brotherhood. In the ancient Near Eastern world familial terms were sometimes used to describe treaty partners. In a treaty between superior and inferior parties, the lord would be called “father” and the subject “son.” The partners in a treaty between equals referred to themselves as “brothers.” For biblical examples, see 1 Kgs 9:13; 20:32-33.
[1:10] 43 sn The city wall symbolizes the city’s defenses and security.
[1:10] 44 tn Heb “it”; the referent (the fire mentioned in the previous line) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
