Yesaya 59:7

59:7 They are eager to do evil, ¹ 

quick to shed innocent blood. ² 

Their thoughts are sinful;

they crush and destroy. ³ 

Mikha 7:2

7:2 Faithful men have disappeared ⁴  from the land;

there are no godly men left. ⁵ 

They all wait in ambush so they can shed blood; ⁶ 

they hunt their own brother with a net. ⁷ 

Nahum 3:1

Reason for Judgment: Sins of Nineveh

3:1 Woe to the city guilty of bloodshed! ⁸ 

She is full of lies; ⁹ 

she is filled with plunder; ¹⁰ 

she has hoarded her spoil! ¹¹ 

Habakuk 2:12

2:12 The one who builds a city by bloodshed is as good as dead ¹²  –

he who starts ¹³  a town by unjust deeds.

[59:7]  ¹ tn Heb “their feet run to evil.”

[59:7]  ² tn Heb “they quickly pour out innocent blood.”

[59:7]  ³ tn Heb “their thoughts are thoughts of sin, destruction and crushing [are] in their roadways.”

[7:2]  ⁴ tn Or “have perished”; “have been destroyed.”

[7:2]  ⁵ tn Heb “and an upright one among men there is not.”

[7:2]  ⁶ tn Heb “for bloodshed” (so NASB); TEV “for a chance to commit murder.”

[7:2]  ⁷ sn Micah compares these ungodly people to hunters trying to capture their prey with a net.

[3:1]  ⁸ tn Heb “of bloods.” The plural noun דָּמִים (damim, “bloods”) connotes “bloodshed” or “blood guilt” (BDB 196-97 s.v. דָּם 2.f; HALOT 224-25 s.v. דָּם 5; DCH 2:443-47 s.v. דָּם). Human blood in its natural state in the body is generally designated by the singular form דָּם (dam, “blood”); after it has been spilled, the plural form is used to denote the abundance of blood in quantity (IBHS 119-20 §7.4.1; BDB 196-97 s.v. דָּם 2.f). The plural is often used with the verb שָׁפַךְ (shafakh, “to spill, to shed”) to connote bloodshed (Gen 9:6; 37:22; Lev 17:4; Num 35:33; Deut 21:7; 1 Sam 25:31; 1 Kgs 18:28; 2 Kgs 21:16; 24:4; 1 Chr 22:8; Ezek 16:38; 22:4, 6, 9, 12, 27; 23:45; 33:25; 36:18; Prov 1:16). The plural often denotes bloodshed (Gen 4:10; 2 Sam 3:27, 28; 16:8; 20:12; 1 Kgs 2:5; 2 Kgs 9:7, 26, 33; 2 Chr 24:25; Job 16:18; Isa 1:15; 4:4; 9:4; 26:21; 33:15; 34:3, 6, 7; Ezek 7:23; 16:6, 9, 36; 21:37; 22:13; 24:8; Hos 1:4; 4:2; Hab 2:8, 12, 17; Mic 3:10; Zech 9:7) or blood-guilt (Exod 22:1; Lev 20:9; Num 35:27; Deut 19:10; 22:8; Judg 9:24; 1 Sam 25:26, 33; 2 Sam 21:1; Isa 33:15; Ezek 9:9). The term can refer to murder (2 Sam 16:7, 8; Pss 5:7; 26:9; 55:24; 59:3; 139:10; Prov 29:10) or more generally, connote social injustice, cruelty, and oppression (Deut 21:8, 9; 1 Sam 19:5; 2 Kgs 21:6; 24:4; Pss 94:21; 106:38; Prov 6:17; Isa 59:7; Jer 7:6; 22:3; Joel 4:19; Jonah 1:14). The term may refer to blood that has been shed in war (1 Kgs 2:5) and the unnecessary shedding of blood of one’s enemy (1 Kgs 2:31), which is probably the intended meaning here. The phrase “city of bloodshed” (עִיר דָּמִים [’ir damim], “city of bloods”) is used elsewhere to describe a city held guilty before God of blood-guilt and about to be judged by God (Ezek 22:2; 24:6).

[3:1]  ⁹ tn Heb “All of her [is] lying.”

[3:1]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “full of plunder.”

[3:1]  ¹¹ tn Heb “prey does not depart.”

[2:12]  ¹² tn On the term הוֹי (hoy) see the note on the word “dead” in v. 6.

[2:12]  ¹³ tn Or “establishes”; or “founds.”