Yohanes 10:2-4

10:2 The one who enters by the door is the shepherd of the sheep. 10:3 The doorkeeper ¹  opens the door ²  for him, ³  and the sheep hear his voice. He ⁴  calls his own sheep by name and leads them out. ⁵  10:4 When he has brought all his own sheep ⁶  out, he goes ahead of them, and the sheep follow him because they recognize ⁷  his voice.

Yohanes 10:11

10:11 “I am the good ⁸  shepherd. The good shepherd lays down his life ⁹  for the sheep.

Yohanes 10:14-18

10:14 “I am the good shepherd. I ¹⁰  know my own ¹¹  and my own know me – 10:15 just as the Father knows me and I know the Father – and I lay down my life ¹²  for ¹³  the sheep. 10:16 I have ¹⁴  other sheep that do not come from ¹⁵  this sheepfold. ¹⁶  I must bring them too, and they will listen to my voice, ¹⁷  so that ¹⁸  there will be one flock and ¹⁹  one shepherd. 10:17 This is why the Father loves me ²⁰  – because I lay down my life, ²¹  so that I may take it back again. 10:18 No one takes it away from me, but I lay it down ²²  of my own free will. ²³  I have the authority ²⁴  to lay it down, and I have the authority ²⁵  to take it back again. This commandment ²⁶  I received from my Father.”

[10:3]  ¹ tn Or “porter” (British English).

[10:3]  sn There have been many attempts to identify who the doorkeeper represents, none of which are convincing. More likely there are some details in this parable that are included for the sake of the story, necessary as parts of the overall picture but without symbolic significance.

[10:3]  ² tn The words “the door” are not in the Greek text but are implied. Direct objects in Greek were often omitted when clear from the context.

[10:3]  ³ tn Grk “For this one.”

[10:3]  ⁴ tn Grk “And he.” Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, καί (kai) has not been translated here.

[10:3]  ⁵ sn He calls his own sheep by name and leads them out. Some interpreters have suggested that there was more than one flock in the fold, and there would be a process of separation where each shepherd called out his own flock. This may also be suggested by the mention of a doorkeeper in v. 3 since only the larger sheepfolds would have such a guard. But the Gospel of John never mentions a distinction among the sheep in this fold; in fact (10:16) there are other sheep which are to be brought in, but they are to be one flock and one shepherd.

[10:4]  ⁶ tn The word “sheep” is not in the Greek text, but is implied.

[10:4]  ⁷ tn Grk “because they know.”

[10:11]  ⁸ tn Or “model” (see R. E. Brown, John [AB], 1:386, who argues that “model” is a more exact translation of καλός [kalos] here).

[10:11]  ⁹ tn Or “The good shepherd dies willingly.”

[10:11]  sn Jesus speaks openly of his vicarious death twice in this section (John 10:11, 15). Note the contrast: The thief takes the life of the sheep (10:10), the good shepherd lays down his own life for the sheep. Jesus is not speaking generally here, but specifically: He has his own substitutionary death on the cross in view. For a literal shepherd with a literal flock, the shepherd’s death would have spelled disaster for the sheep; in this instance it spells life for them (Compare the worthless shepherd of Zech 11:17, by contrast).

[10:14]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “And I.” Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, καί (kai) has not been translated here.

[10:14]  ¹¹ tn The direct object is frequently omitted in Greek and must be supplied from the context. Here it could be “sheep,” but Jesus was ultimately talking about “people.”

[10:15]  ¹² tn Or “I die willingly.”

[10:15]  ¹³ tn Or “on behalf of” or “for the sake of.”

[10:16]  ¹⁴ tn Grk “And I have.” Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, καί (kai) has not been translated here.

[10:16]  ¹⁵ tn Or “that do not belong to”; Grk “that are not of.”

[10:16]  ¹⁶ sn The statement I have other sheep that do not come from this sheepfold almost certainly refers to Gentiles. Jesus has sheep in the fold who are Jewish; there are other sheep which, while not of the same fold, belong to him also. This recalls the mission of the Son in 3:16-17, which was to save the world – not just the nation of Israel. Such an emphasis would be particularly appropriate to the author if he were writing to a non-Palestinian and primarily non-Jewish audience.

[10:16]  ¹⁷ tn Grk “they will hear my voice.”

[10:16]  ¹⁸ tn Grk “voice, and.”

[10:16]  ¹⁹ tn The word “and” is not in the Greek text, but must be supplied to conform to English style. In Greek it is an instance of asyndeton (omission of a connective), usually somewhat emphatic.

[10:17]  ²⁰ tn Grk “Because of this the Father loves me.”

[10:17]  ²¹ tn Or “die willingly.”

[10:18]  ²² tn Or “give it up.”

[10:18]  ²³ tn Or “of my own accord.” “Of my own free will” is given by BDAG 321 s.v. ἐμαυτοῦ c.

[10:18]  ²⁴ tn Or “I have the right.”

[10:18]  ²⁵ tn Or “I have the right.”

[10:18]  ²⁶ tn Or “order.”