Yohanes 10:3

10:3 The doorkeeper ¹  opens the door ²  for him, ³  and the sheep hear his voice. He ⁴  calls his own sheep by name and leads them out. ⁵ 

Yohanes 19:4

19:4 Again Pilate went out and said to the Jewish leaders, ⁶  “Look, I am bringing him out to you, so that you may know that I find no reason for an accusation ⁷  against him.”

Yohanes 19:13

19:13 When Pilate heard these words he brought Jesus outside and sat down on the judgment seat ⁸  in the place called “The Stone Pavement” ⁹  (Gabbatha in ¹⁰  Aramaic). ¹¹ 

[10:3]  ¹ tn Or “porter” (British English).

[10:3]  sn There have been many attempts to identify who the doorkeeper represents, none of which are convincing. More likely there are some details in this parable that are included for the sake of the story, necessary as parts of the overall picture but without symbolic significance.

[10:3]  ² tn The words “the door” are not in the Greek text but are implied. Direct objects in Greek were often omitted when clear from the context.

[10:3]  ³ tn Grk “For this one.”

[10:3]  ⁴ tn Grk “And he.” Because of the difference between Greek style, which often begins sentences or clauses with “and,” and English style, which generally does not, καί (kai) has not been translated here.

[10:3]  ⁵ sn He calls his own sheep by name and leads them out. Some interpreters have suggested that there was more than one flock in the fold, and there would be a process of separation where each shepherd called out his own flock. This may also be suggested by the mention of a doorkeeper in v. 3 since only the larger sheepfolds would have such a guard. But the Gospel of John never mentions a distinction among the sheep in this fold; in fact (10:16) there are other sheep which are to be brought in, but they are to be one flock and one shepherd.

[19:4]  ⁶ tn Grk “to them.” The words “the Jewish leaders” are supplied from John 18:38 for clarity.

[19:4]  ⁷ tn Or “find no basis for an accusation”; Grk “find no cause.”

[19:13]  ⁸ tn Or “the judge’s seat.”

[19:13]  sn The judgment seat (βῆμα, bhma) was a raised platform mounted by steps and usually furnished with a seat. It was used by officials in addressing an assembly or making official pronouncements, often of a judicial nature.

[19:13]  ⁹ sn The precise location of the place called ‘The Stone Pavement’ is still uncertain, although a paved court on the lower level of the Fortress Antonia has been suggested. It is not certain whether it was laid prior to a.d. 135, however.

[19:13]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “in Hebrew.”

[19:13]  sn The author does not say that Gabbatha is the Aramaic (or Hebrew) translation for the Greek term Λιθόστρωτον (Liqostrwton). He simply points out that in Aramaic (or Hebrew) the place had another name. A number of meanings have been suggested, but the most likely appears to mean “elevated place.” It is possible that this was a term used by the common people for the judgment seat itself, which always stood on a raised platform.

[19:13]  ¹¹ sn This is a parenthetical note by the author.