Yohanes 12:34

12:34 Then the crowd responded, ¹  “We have heard from the law that the Christ ²  will remain forever. ³  How ⁴  can you say, ‘The Son of Man must be lifted up’? Who is this Son of Man?”

Yesaya 11:10

Israel is Reclaimed and Reunited

11:10 At that time ⁵  a root from Jesse ⁶  will stand like a signal flag for the nations. Nations will look to him for guidance, ⁷  and his residence will be majestic.

Yohanes 3:14

3:14 Just as ⁸  Moses lifted up the serpent ⁹  in the wilderness, ¹⁰  so must the Son of Man be lifted up, ¹¹ 

[12:34]  ¹ tn Grk “Then the crowd answered him.”

[12:34]  ² tn Or “the Messiah” (Both Greek “Christ” and Hebrew and Aramaic “Messiah” mean “one who has been anointed”).

[12:34]  sn See the note on Christ in 1:20.

[12:34]  ³ tn Probably an allusion to Ps 89:35-37. It is difficult to pinpoint the passage in the Mosaic law to which the crowd refers. The ones most often suggested are Ps 89:36-37, Ps 110:4, Isa 9:7, Ezek 37:25, and Dan 7:14. None of these passages are in the Pentateuch per se, but “law” could in common usage refer to the entire OT (compare Jesus’ use in John 10:34). Of the passages mentioned, Ps 89:36-37 is the most likely candidate. This verse speaks of David’s “seed” remaining forever. Later in the same psalm, v. 51 speaks of the “anointed” (Messiah), and the psalm was interpreted messianically in both the NT (Acts 13:22, Rev 1:5, 3:14) and in the rabbinic literature (Genesis Rabbah 97).

[12:34]  ⁴ tn Grk “And how”; the conjunction καί (kai, “and”) has been left untranslated here for improved English style.

[11:10]  ⁵ tn Or “in that day” (KJV). The verb that introduces this verse serves as a discourse particle and is untranslated; see note on “in the future” in 2:2.

[11:10]  ⁶ sn See the note at v. 1.

[11:10]  ⁷ tn Heb “ a root from Jesse, which stands for a signal flag of the nations, of him nations will inquire” [or “seek”].

[3:14]  ⁸ tn Grk “And just as.”

[3:14]  ⁹ sn Or the snake, referring to the bronze serpent mentioned in Num 21:9.

[3:14]  ¹⁰ sn An allusion to Num 21:5-9.

[3:14]  ¹¹ sn So must the Son of Man be lifted up. This is ultimately a prediction of Jesus’ crucifixion. Nicodemus could not have understood this, but John’s readers, the audience to whom the Gospel is addressed, certainly could have (compare the wording of John 12:32). In John, being lifted up refers to one continuous action of ascent, beginning with the cross but ending at the right hand of the Father. Step 1 is Jesus’ death; step 2 is his resurrection; and step 3 is the ascension back to heaven. It is the upward swing of the “pendulum” which began with the incarnation, the descent of the Word become flesh from heaven to earth (cf. Paul in Phil 2:5-11). See also the note on the title Son of Man in 1:51.