Yosua 7:1-26
Konteks7:1 But the Israelites disobeyed the command about the city’s riches. 1 Achan son of Carmi, son of Zabdi, 2 son of Zerah, from the tribe of Judah, stole some of the riches. 3 The Lord was furious with the Israelites. 4
7:2 Joshua sent men from Jericho 5 to Ai (which is located near Beth Aven, east of Bethel 6 ) and instructed them, “Go up and spy on the land.” So the men went up and spied on Ai. 7:3 They returned and reported to Joshua, 7 “Don’t send the whole army. 8 About two or three thousand men are adequate to defeat Ai. 9 Don’t tire out the whole army, for Ai is small.” 10
7:4 So about three thousand men went up, but they fled from the men of Ai. 7:5 The men of Ai killed about thirty-six of them and chased them from in front of the city gate all the way to the fissures 11 and defeated them on the steep slope. 12 The people’s 13 courage melted away like water. 14
7:6 Joshua tore his clothes; 15 he and the leaders 16 of Israel lay face down on the ground before the ark of the Lord until evening 17 and threw dirt on their heads. 18 7:7 Joshua prayed, 19 “O, Master, Lord! Why did you bring these people across the Jordan to hand us over to the Amorites so they could destroy us? 7:8 If only we had been satisfied to live on the other side of the Jordan! O Lord, what can I say now that Israel has retreated 20 before its enemies? 7:9 When the Canaanites and all who live in the land hear about this, they will turn against us and destroy the very memory of us 21 from the earth. What will you do to protect your great reputation?” 22
7:10 The Lord responded 23 to Joshua, “Get up! Why are you lying there face down? 24 7:11 Israel has sinned; they have violated my covenantal commandment! 25 They have taken some of the riches; 26 they have stolen them and deceitfully put them among their own possessions. 27 7:12 The Israelites are unable to stand before their enemies; they retreat because they have become subject to annihilation. 28 I will no longer be with you, 29 unless you destroy what has contaminated you. 30 7:13 Get up! Ritually consecrate the people and tell them this: ‘Ritually consecrate yourselves for tomorrow, because the Lord God of Israel says, “You are contaminated, 31 O Israel! You will not be able to stand before your enemies until you remove what is contaminating you.” 32 7:14 In the morning you must approach in tribal order. 33 The tribe the Lord selects 34 must approach by clans. The clan the Lord selects must approach by families. 35 The family the Lord selects must approach man by man. 36 7:15 The one caught with the riches 37 must be burned up 38 along with all who belong to him, because he violated the Lord’s covenant and did such a disgraceful thing in Israel.’”
7:16 Bright and early the next morning Joshua made Israel approach in tribal order 39 and the tribe of Judah was selected. 7:17 He then made the clans of Judah approach and the clan of the Zerahites was selected. He made the clan of the Zerahites approach and Zabdi 40 was selected. 41 7:18 He then made Zabdi’s 42 family approach man by man 43 and Achan son of Carmi, son of Zabdi, son of Zerah, from the tribe of Judah, was selected. 7:19 So Joshua said to Achan, “My son, honor 44 the Lord God of Israel and give him praise! Tell me what you did; don’t hide anything from me!” 7:20 Achan told Joshua, “It is true. I have sinned against the Lord God of Israel in this way: 45 7:21 I saw among the goods we seized a nice robe from Babylon, 46 two hundred silver pieces, 47 and a bar of gold weighing fifty shekels. I wanted them, so I took them. They are hidden in the ground right in the middle of my tent with the silver underneath.”
7:22 Joshua sent messengers who ran to the tent. The things were hidden right in his tent, with the silver underneath. 48 7:23 They took it all from the middle of the tent, brought it to Joshua and all the Israelites, and placed 49 it before the Lord. 7:24 Then Joshua and all Israel took Achan, son of Zerah, along with the silver, the robe, the bar of gold, his sons, daughters, ox, donkey, sheep, tent, and all that belonged to him and brought them up to the Valley of Disaster. 50 7:25 Joshua said, “Why have you brought disaster 51 on us? The Lord will bring disaster on you today!” All Israel stoned him to death. (They also stoned and burned the others.) 52 7:26 Then they erected over him a large pile of stones (it remains to this very day 53 ) and the Lord’s anger subsided. So that place is called the Valley of Disaster to this very day.
Yosua 7:9
Konteks7:9 When the Canaanites and all who live in the land hear about this, they will turn against us and destroy the very memory of us 54 from the earth. What will you do to protect your great reputation?” 55
Yosua 1:1-18
Konteks1:1 After Moses the Lord’s servant died, the Lord said to Joshua son of Nun, Moses’ assistant: 1:2 “Moses my servant is dead. Get ready! 56 Cross the Jordan River! 57 Lead these people into the land which I am ready to hand over to them. 58 1:3 I am handing over to you every place you set foot, as I promised Moses. 59 1:4 Your territory will extend from the wilderness in the south to Lebanon in the north. It will extend all the way to the great River Euphrates in the east (including all of Syria) 60 and all the way to the Mediterranean Sea 61 in the west. 62 1:5 No one will be able to resist you 63 all the days of your life. As I was with Moses, so I will be with you. I will not abandon you or leave you alone. 1:6 Be strong and brave! You must lead these people in the conquest of this land that I solemnly promised their ancestors I would hand over to them. 64 1:7 Make sure you are 65 very strong and brave! Carefully obey 66 all the law my servant Moses charged you to keep! 67 Do not swerve from it to the right or to the left, so that you may be successful 68 in all you do. 69 1:8 This law scroll must not leave your lips! 70 You must memorize it 71 day and night so you can carefully obey 72 all that is written in it. Then you will prosper 73 and be successful. 74 1:9 I repeat, 75 be strong and brave! Don’t be afraid and don’t panic, 76 for I, the Lord your God, am with you in all you do.” 77
1:10 Joshua instructed 78 the leaders of the people: 1:11 “Go through the camp and command the people, ‘Prepare your supplies, for within three days you will cross the Jordan River and begin the conquest of the land the Lord your God is ready to hand over to you.’” 79
1:12 Joshua told the Reubenites, Gadites, and the half tribe of Manasseh: 1:13 “Remember what Moses the Lord’s servant commanded you. 80 The Lord your God is giving you a place to settle and is handing this land over to you. 81 1:14 Your wives, children and cattle may stay in the land that Moses assigned to you east of the Jordan River. But all you warriors must cross over armed for battle ahead of your brothers. 82 You must help them 1:15 until the Lord gives your brothers a place like yours to settle and they conquer the land the Lord your God is ready to hand over to them. Then you may go back to your allotted land and occupy the land Moses the Lord’s servant assigned you east of the Jordan.” 83
1:16 They told Joshua, “We will do everything you say. We will go wherever you send us. 1:17 Just as we obeyed 84 Moses, so we will obey you. But 85 may the Lord your God be with you as he was with Moses! 1:18 Any man who rebels against what you say and does not obey all your commands will be executed. 86 But 87 be strong and brave!”
Yosua 17:14-18
Konteks17:14 The descendants of Joseph said to Joshua, “Why have you assigned us only one tribal allotment? After all, we have many people, for until now the Lord has enabled us to increase in number.” 88 17:15 Joshua replied to them, “Since you have so many people, 89 go up into the forest and clear out a place to live in the land of the Perizzites and Rephaites, for the hill country of Ephraim is too small for you.” 17:16 The descendants of Joseph said, “The whole hill country 90 is inadequate for us, and the Canaanites living down in the valley in Beth Shean and its surrounding towns and in the Valley of Jezreel have chariots with iron-rimmed wheels.” 91 17:17 Joshua said to the family 92 of Joseph – to both Ephraim and Manasseh: “You have many people and great military strength. You will not have just one tribal allotment. 17:18 The whole hill country 93 will be yours; though it is a forest, you can clear it and it will be entirely yours. 94 You can conquer the Canaanites, though they have chariots with iron-rimmed wheels and are strong.”
[7:1] 1 tn Heb “But the sons of Israel were unfaithful with unfaithfulness concerning what was set apart [to the
[7:1] 2 tn 1 Chr 2:6 lists a “Zimri” (but no Zabdi) as one of the five sons of Zerah (cf. also 1 Chr 7:17, 18).
[7:1] 3 tn Heb “took from what was set apart [to the
[7:1] 4 tn Heb “the anger of the
[7:1] sn This incident illustrates well the principle of corporate solidarity and corporate guilt. The sin of one man brought the
[7:2] 5 map For location see Map5 B2; Map6 E1; Map7 E1; Map8 E3; Map10 A2; Map11 A1.
[7:2] 6 map For the location of Bethel see Map4 G4; Map5 C1; Map6 E3; Map7 D1; Map8 G3.
[7:3] 7 tn Heb “and they returned to Joshua and said to him.”
[7:3] 8 tn Heb “Don’t let all the people go up.”
[7:3] 9 tn Heb “Let about two thousand men or about three thousand men go up to defeat Ai.”
[7:3] 10 tn Heb “all the people for they are small.”
[7:5] 11 tn The meaning and correct translation of the Hebrew word שְׁבָרִים (shÿvarim) is uncertain. The translation “fissures” is based on usage of the plural form of the noun in Ps 60:4 HT (60:2 ET), where it appears to refer to cracks in the earth caused by an earthquake. Perhaps deep ravines or gorges are in view, or the word is a proper noun (“all the way to Shebarim”).
[7:5] 12 sn The precise geographical location of the Israelite defeat at this “steep slope” is uncertain.
[7:5] 14 tn Heb “and the heart of the people melted and became water.”
[7:6] 15 sn Tearing one’s clothes was an outward expression of extreme sorrow (see Gen 37:34; 44:13).
[7:6] 17 tn Heb “and fell on his face to the ground before the ark of the
[7:6] 18 sn Throwing dirt on one’s head was an outward expression of extreme sorrow (see Lam 2:10; Ezek 27:30).
[7:8] 20 tn Heb “turned [the] back.”
[7:9] 21 tn Heb “and cut off our name.”
[7:9] 22 tn Heb “What will you do for your great name?”
[7:10] 24 tn Heb “Why are you falling on your face?”
[7:11] 25 tn Heb “They have violated my covenant which I commanded them.”
[7:11] 26 tn Heb “what was set apart [to the
[7:11] 27 tn Heb “and also they have stolen, and also they have lied, and also they have placed [them] among their items.”
[7:12] 28 tn Heb “they turn [the] back before their enemies because they are set apart [to destruction by the
[7:12] 29 tn The second person pronoun is plural in Hebrew, indicating these words are addressed to the entire nation.
[7:12] 30 tn Heb “what is set apart [to destruction by the
[7:13] 31 tn Heb “what is set apart [to destruction by the
[7:13] 32 tn Heb “remove what is set apart [i.e., to destruction by the
[7:14] 33 tn Heb “by your tribes.”
[7:14] 34 tn Heb “takes forcefully, seizes.”
[7:15] 37 tn Heb “with what was set apart [to the
[7:15] 38 tn Heb “burned with fire.”
[7:17] 40 tn See the note on “Zabdi” in 1 Chr 7:1.
[7:17] 41 tn Heb “and he selected Zabdi.” The
[7:18] 42 tn Heb “his”; the referent (Zabdi) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[7:19] 44 tn Heb “give glory to.”
[7:20] 45 tn Heb “like this and like this I did.”
[7:21] 46 tn Heb “Shinar,” a reference to Babylon (cf. Gen 10:10; 11:2; 14:1). Many modern translations retain the Hebrew name “Shinar” (cf. NEB, NRSV) but some use the more familiar “Babylon” (cf. NIV, NLT).
[7:22] 48 tn Heb “Look, [it was] hidden in his tent, and the silver was beneath it.”
[7:23] 49 tn Heb “poured out,” probably referring to the way the silver pieces poured out of their container.
[7:24] 50 tn Or “Trouble” The name is “Achor” in Hebrew, which means “disaster” or “trouble” (also in v. 26).
[7:25] 51 tn Or “trouble.” The word is “achor” in Hebrew (also in the following clause).
[7:25] 52 tc Heb “and they burned them with fire and they stoned them with stones.” These words are somewhat parenthetical in nature and are omitted in the LXX; they may represent a later scribal addition.
[7:26] 53 tc Heb “to this day.” The phrase “to this day” is omitted in the LXX and may represent a later scribal addition.
[7:9] 54 tn Heb “and cut off our name.”
[7:9] 55 tn Heb “What will you do for your great name?”
[1:2] 57 tn Heb “this Jordan”; the word “River” has been supplied in the translation for clarity (likewise in v. 11).
[1:2] 58 tc Heb “Cross over this Jordan, you and all these people, to the land that I am giving to them, to the children of Israel.” The final phrase, “to the children of Israel,” is probably a later scribal addition specifying the identity of “these people/them.”
[1:3] 59 tn Heb “Every place on which the sole of your foot walks, to you I have given it, as I said to Moses.” The second person pronouns in vv. 3-4 are plural, indicating that all the people are addressed here. The verbal form נְתַתִּיו (nÿtattiv, “I have given it”) is probably a perfect of certitude, emphasizing the certainty of the action. Another option is to translate, “I have already assigned it.” In this case the verb would probably refer to the
[1:4] 60 tn Heb “all the land of the Hittites.” The expression “the land of the Hittites” does not refer to Anatolia (modern Turkey), where the ancient Hittite kingdom of the second millennium
[1:4] 61 tn Heb “the Great Sea,” the typical designation for the Mediterranean Sea.
[1:4] 62 tn Heb “From the wilderness and this Lebanon even to the great river, the River Euphrates, all the land of the Hittites, even to the great sea [at] the place where the sun sets, your territory will be.”
[1:5] 63 tn Heb “A man will not stand before you.” The second person pronouns in this verse are singular, indicating Joshua is the addressee.
[1:6] 64 tn Heb “For you will cause these people to inherit the land that I swore to their fathers to give to them.” The pronoun “them” at the end of the verse refers to either the people or to the fathers.
[1:7] 66 tn Heb “so you can be careful to do.” The use of the infinitive לִשְׁמֹר (lishmor, “to keep”) after the imperatives suggests that strength and bravery will be necessary for obedience. Another option is to take the form לִשְׁמֹר as a vocative lamed (ל) with imperative (see Isa 38:20 for an example of this construction), which could be translated, “Indeed, be careful!”
[1:7] 67 tn Heb “commanded you.”
[1:7] 68 tn Heb “be wise,” but the word can mean “be successful” by metonymy.
[1:7] 69 tn Heb “in all which you go.”
[1:8] sn This law scroll must not leave your lips. The ancient practice of reading aloud to oneself as an aid to memorization is in view here.
[1:8] 71 tn Heb “read it in undertones,” or “recite it quietly” (see HALOT 1:237).
[1:8] 72 tn Heb “be careful to do.”
[1:8] 73 tn Heb “you will make your way prosperous.”
[1:8] 74 tn Heb “and be wise,” but the word can mean “be successful” by metonymy.
[1:9] 75 tn Heb “Have I not commanded you?” The rhetorical question emphasizes the importance of the following command by reminding the listener that it is being repeated.
[1:9] 76 tn Or perhaps, “don’t get discouraged!”
[1:9] 77 tn Heb “in all which you go.”
[1:11] 79 tn Heb “to enter to possess the land which the
[1:13] 80 tn Heb “remember the word which Moses, the
[1:13] sn This command can be found in Deut 3:18-20. In vv. 13-15 Joshua paraphrases the command, as the third person reference to Moses in v. 14 indicates.
[1:13] 81 tn Heb “is providing rest for you and is giving to you this land.”
[1:13] sn “This land” refers to the trans-Jordanian lands allotted to these tribes.
[1:14] 82 tn Heb “But you must cross over armed for battle before your brothers, all [you] mighty men of strength.”
[1:15] 83 tn Heb “Then you may return to the land of your possession and possess it, that which Moses, the
[1:17] 84 tn Heb “listened to.”
[1:17] 85 tn Or “Only.” Here and in v. 18 this word qualifies what precedes (see also v. 7).
[1:18] 86 tn Heb “any man who rebels against your mouth and does not listen to your words, to all which you command us, will be put to death.”
[1:18] 87 tn Or “Only.” Here and in v. 17 this word qualifies what precedes (see also v. 7).
[17:14] 88 tn Heb “Why have you given me as an inheritance one lot and one portion, though I am a great people until [the time] which, until now the
[17:15] 89 tn Heb “If you are a great people.”
[17:16] 90 tn The Hebrew text has simply “the hill country,” which must here include the hill country of Ephraim and the forest regions mentioned in v. 15.
[17:16] 91 tn Heb “and there are iron chariots among all the Canaanites who live in the land of the valley, to those who are in Beth Shean and its daughters and to those who are in the Valley of Jezreel.” Regarding the translation “chariots with iron-rimmed wheels” see Y. Yadin, The Art of Warfare in Biblical Lands, 255 and R. Drews, “The ‘Chariots of Iron’ of Joshua and Judges,” JSOT 45 (1989): 15-23.
[17:18] 93 tn The Hebrew text has simply “the hill country,” which must here include the hill country of Ephraim and the forest regions mentioned in v. 15.
