Yesaya 25:9

25:9 At that time they will say, ¹ 

“Look, here ²  is our God!

We waited for him and he delivered us.

Here ³  is the Lord! We waited for him.

Let’s rejoice and celebrate his deliverance!”

Yesaya 26:20-21

26:20 Go, my people! Enter your inner rooms!

Close your doors behind you!

Hide for a little while,

until his angry judgment is over! ⁴ 

26:21 For look, the Lord is coming out of the place where he lives, ⁵ 

to punish the sin of those who live on the earth.

The earth will display the blood shed on it;

it will no longer cover up its slain. ⁶ 

Yesaya 34:8

34:8 For the Lord has planned a day of revenge, ⁷ 

a time when he will repay Edom for her hostility toward Zion. ⁸ 

Yesaya 40:9-10

40:9 Go up on a high mountain, O herald Zion!

Shout out loudly, O herald Jerusalem! ⁹ 

Shout, don’t be afraid!

Say to the towns of Judah,

“Here is your God!”

40:10 Look, the sovereign Lord comes as a victorious warrior; ¹⁰ 

his military power establishes his rule. ¹¹ 

Look, his reward is with him;

his prize goes before him. ¹² 

Yesaya 52:7-10

52:7 How delightful it is to see approaching over the mountains ¹³ 

the feet of a messenger who announces peace,

a messenger who brings good news, who announces deliverance,

who says to Zion, “Your God reigns!” ¹⁴ 

52:8 Listen, ¹⁵  your watchmen shout;

in unison they shout for joy,

for they see with their very own eyes ¹⁶ 

the Lord’s return to Zion.

52:9 In unison give a joyful shout,

O ruins of Jerusalem!

For the Lord consoles his people;

he protects ¹⁷  Jerusalem.

52:10 The Lord reveals ¹⁸  his royal power ¹⁹ 

in the sight of all the nations;

the entire ²⁰  earth sees

our God deliver. ²¹ 

Yesaya 61:2

61:2 to announce the year when the Lord will show his favor,

the day when our God will seek vengeance, ²² 

to console all who mourn,

Yesaya 66:15

66:15 For look, the Lord comes with fire,

his chariots come like a windstorm, ²³ 

to reveal his raging anger,

his battle cry, and his flaming arrows. ²⁴ 

Ulangan 32:35-43

32:35 I will get revenge and pay them back

at the time their foot slips;

for the day of their disaster is near,

and the impending judgment ²⁵  is rushing upon them!”

32:36 The Lord will judge his people,

and will change his plans concerning ²⁶  his servants;

when he sees that their power has disappeared,

and that no one is left, whether confined or set free.

32:37 He will say, “Where are their gods,

the rock in whom they sought security,

32:38 who ate the best of their sacrifices,

and drank the wine of their drink offerings?

Let them rise and help you;

let them be your refuge!

The Vindication of the Lord

32:39 “See now that I, indeed I, am he!” says the Lord, ²⁷ 

“and there is no other god besides me.

I kill and give life,

I smash and I heal,

and none can resist ²⁸  my power.

32:40 For I raise up my hand to heaven,

and say, ‘As surely as I live forever,

32:41 I will sharpen my lightning-like sword,

and my hand will grasp hold of the weapon of judgment; ²⁹ 

I will execute vengeance on my foes,

and repay those who hate me! ³⁰ 

32:42 I will make my arrows drunk with blood,

and my sword will devour flesh –

the blood of the slaughtered and captured,

the chief ³¹  of the enemy’s leaders!’”

32:43 Cry out, O nations, with his people,

for he will avenge his servants’ blood;

he will take vengeance against his enemies,

and make atonement for his land and people.

Mazmur 50:3

50:3 Our God approaches and is not silent; ³² 

consuming fire goes ahead of him

and all around him a storm rages. ³³ 

Hosea 1:7

1:7 But I will have pity on the nation ³⁴  of Judah. ³⁵  I will deliver them by the Lord their God; I will not deliver them by the warrior’s bow, by sword, by military victory, ³⁶  by chariot horses, or by chariots.” ³⁷ 

Zakharia 2:8-10

2:8 For the Lord who rules over all says to me that for his own glory ³⁸  he has sent me to the nations that plundered you – for anyone who touches you touches the pupil ³⁹  of his ⁴⁰  eye. 2:9 “I am about to punish them ⁴¹  in such a way,” he says, “that they will be looted by their own slaves.” Then you will know that the Lord who rules over all has sent me.

2:10 “Sing out and be happy, Zion my daughter! ⁴²  For look, I have come; I will settle in your midst,” says the Lord.

Maleakhi 3:1

3:1 “I am about to send my messenger, ⁴³  who will clear the way before me. Indeed, the Lord ⁴⁴  you are seeking will suddenly come to his temple, and the messenger ⁴⁵  of the covenant, whom you long for, is certainly coming,” says the Lord who rules over all.

Matius 1:21-23

1:21 She will give birth to a son and you will name him ⁴⁶  Jesus, ⁴⁷  because he will save his people from their sins.” 1:22 This all happened so that what was spoken by the Lord through the prophet would be fulfilled: 1:23 “Look! The virgin will conceive and bear a son, and they will call him ⁴⁸  Emmanuel,” ⁴⁹  which means ⁵⁰  “God with us.” ⁵¹ 

Lukas 21:28

21:28 But when these things ⁵²  begin to happen, stand up and raise your heads, because your redemption ⁵³  is drawing near.”

Ibrani 9:28

9:28 so also, after Christ was offered once to bear the sins of many, ⁵⁴  to those who eagerly await him he will appear a second time, not to bear sin ⁵⁵  but to bring salvation. ⁵⁶ 

Ibrani 10:37-38

10:37 For just a little longer ⁵⁷  and he who is coming will arrive and not delay. ⁵⁸  10:38 But my righteous one will live by faith, and if he shrinks back, I ⁵⁹  take no pleasure in him. ⁶⁰ 

Yakobus 5:7-9

Patience in Suffering

5:7 So be patient, brothers and sisters, ⁶¹  until the Lord’s return. ⁶²  Think of how the farmer waits ⁶³  for the precious fruit of the ground and is patient ⁶⁴  for it until it receives the early and late rains. 5:8 You also be patient and strengthen your hearts, for the Lord’s return is near. 5:9 Do not grumble against one another, brothers and sisters, ⁶⁵  so that you may not be judged. See, the judge stands before the gates! ⁶⁶ 

Wahyu 1:7

1:7 (Look! He is returning with the clouds, ⁶⁷ 

and every eye will see him,

even ⁶⁸  those who pierced him, ⁶⁹ 

and all the tribes ⁷⁰  on the earth will mourn because ⁷¹  of him.

This will certainly come to pass! ⁷²  Amen.) ⁷³ 

Wahyu 22:20

22:20 The one who testifies to these things says, “Yes, I am coming soon!” Amen! Come, Lord Jesus!

[25:9]  ¹ tn Heb “and one will say in that day.”

[25:9]  ² tn Heb “this [one].”

[25:9]  ³ tn Heb “this [one].”

[26:20]  ⁴ tn Heb “until anger passes by.”

[26:21]  ⁵ tn Heb “out of his place” (so KJV, ASV).

[26:21]  ⁶ sn This implies that rampant bloodshed is one of the reasons for divine judgment. See the note at 24:5.

[34:8]  ⁷ tn Heb “for a day of vengeance [is] for the Lord.”

[34:8]  ⁸ tn Heb “a year of repayment for the strife of Zion.” The translation assumes that רִיב (riv) refers to Edom’s hostility toward Zion. Another option is to understand רִיב (riv) as referring to the Lord’s taking up Zion’s cause. In this case one might translate, “a time when he will repay Edom and vindicate Zion.”

[40:9]  ⁹ tn The second feminine singular imperatives are addressed to personified Zion/Jerusalem, who is here told to ascend a high hill and proclaim the good news of the Lord’s return to the other towns of Judah. Isa 41:27 and 52:7 speak of a herald sent to Zion, but the masculine singular form מְבַשֵּׂר (mÿvaser) is used in these verses, in contrast to the feminine singular form מְבַשֶּׂרֶת (mÿvaseret) employed in 40:9, where Zion is addressed as a herald.

[40:10]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “comes as a strong one”; ASV “will come as a mighty one.” The preposition בְּ (bet) here carries the nuance “in the capacity of.” It indicates that the Lord possesses the quality expressed by the noun. See GKC 379 §119.i and HALOT 104 s.v. בְּ.

[40:10]  ¹¹ tn Heb “his arm rules for him” (so NIV, NRSV). The Lord’s “arm” symbolizes his military power (see Isa 51:9-10; 63:5).

[40:10]  ¹² tn As the Lord returns to Jerusalem as a victorious warrior, he brings with him the spoils of victory, called here his “reward” and “prize.” These terms might also be translated “wages” and “recompense.” Verse 11 indicates that his rescued people, likened to a flock of sheep, are his reward.

[52:7]  ¹³ tn Heb “How delightful on the mountains.”

[52:7]  ¹⁴ tn Or “has become king.” When a new king was enthroned, his followers would give this shout. For other examples of this enthronement formula (Qal perfect 3rd person masculine singular מָלַךְ [malakh], followed by the name of the king), see 2 Sam 15:10; 1 Kgs 1:11, 13, 18; 2 Kgs 9:13. The Lord is an eternal king, but here he is pictured as a victorious warrior who establishes his rule from Zion.

[52:8]  ¹⁵ tn קוֹל (qol, “voice”) is used at the beginning of the verse as an interjection.

[52:8]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “eye in eye”; KJV, ASV “eye to eye”; NAB “directly, before their eyes.”

[52:9]  ¹⁷ tn Or “redeems.” See the note at 41:14.

[52:10]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “lays bare”; NLT “will demonstrate.”

[52:10]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “his holy arm.” This is a metonymy for his power.

[52:10]  ²⁰ tn Heb “the remote regions,” which here stand for the extremities and everything in between.

[52:10]  ²¹ tn Heb “the deliverance of our God.” “God” is a subjective genitive here.

[61:2]  ²² tn Heb “to announce the year of the Lord’s favor, and the day of our God’s vengeance.

[66:15]  ²³ sn Chariots are like a windstorm in their swift movement and in the way that they kick up dust.

[66:15]  ²⁴ tn Heb “to cause to return with the rage of his anger, and his battle cry [or “rebuke”] with flames of fire.”

[32:35]  ²⁵ tn Heb “prepared things,” “impending things.” See BDB 800 s.v. עָתִיד.

[32:36]  ²⁶ tn The translation understands the verb in the sense of “be grieved, relent” (cf. HALOT 689 s.v. נחם hitp 2); cf. KJV, ASV “repent himself”; NLT “will change his mind.” Another option is to translate “will show compassion to” (see BDB 637 s.v. נחם); cf. NASB, NIV, NRSV.

[32:39]  ²⁷ tn Verses 39-42 appear to be a quotation of the Lord and so the introductory phrase “says the Lord” is supplied in the translation for clarity.

[32:39]  ²⁸ tn Heb “deliver from” (so NRSV, NLT).

[32:41]  ²⁹ tn Heb “judgment.” This is a metonymy, a figure of speech in which the effect (judgment) is employed as an instrument (sword, spear, or the like), the means, by which it is brought about.

[32:41]  ³⁰ tn The Hebrew term שָׂנֵא (sane’, “hate”) in this covenant context speaks of those who reject Yahweh’s covenant overtures, that is, who disobey its stipulations (see note on the word “rejecting” in Deut 5:9; also see Deut 7:10; 2 Chr 19:2; Ps 81:15; 139:20-21).

[32:42]  ³¹ tn Or “head” (the same Hebrew word can mean “head” in the sense of “leader, chieftain” or “head” in the sense of body part).

[50:3]  ³² tn According to GKC 322 §109.e, the jussive (note the negative particle אַל, ’al) is used rhetorically here “to express the conviction that something cannot or should not happen.”

[50:3]  ³³ tn Heb “fire before him devours, and around him it is very stormy.”

[1:7]  ³⁴ tn Heb “house”; cf. NCV, TEV, NLT “the people of Judah.”

[1:7]  ³⁵ tn The word order in this line is rhetorical, emphasizing the divine decision to withhold pity from Israel but to bestow it on Judah. The accusative direct object, which is introduced by a disjunctive vav (to denote contrast), appears before the verb: וְאֶת־בֵּית יְהוּדָה אֲרַחֵם (vé’et-bet yéhudah ’arakhem, “but upon the house of Judah I will show pity”).

[1:7]  ³⁶ tn Heb “by war” (so NAB, NRSV, TEV); KJV, NASB, NIV “battle.”

[1:7]  ³⁷ sn These military weapons are examples of the metonymy of adjunct (the specific weapons named) for subject (warfare).

[2:8]  ³⁸ tn Heb “After glory has he sent me” (similar KJV, NASB). What is clearly in view is the role of Zechariah who, by faithful proclamation of the message, will glorify the Lord.

[2:8]  ³⁹ tn Heb “gate” (בָּבָה, bavah) of the eye, that is, pupil. The rendering of this term by KJV as “apple” has created a well-known idiom in the English language, “the apple of his eye” (so ASV, NIV). The pupil is one of the most vulnerable and valuable parts of the body, so for Judah to be considered the “pupil” of the Lord’s eye is to raise her value to an incalculable price (cf. NLT “my most precious possession”).

[2:8]  ⁴⁰ tc A scribal emendation (tiqqun sopherim) has apparently altered an original “my eye” to “his eye” in order to allow the prophet to be the speaker throughout vv. 8-9. This alleviates the problem of the Lord saying, in effect, that he has sent himself on the mission to the nations.

[2:9]  ⁴¹ tn Heb “I will wave my hand over them” (so NASB); NIV, NRSV “raise my hand against them.”

[2:10]  ⁴² sn This individualizing of Zion as a daughter draws attention to the corporate nature of the covenant community and also to the tenderness with which the Lord regards his chosen people.

[3:1]  ⁴³ tn In Hebrew the phrase “my messenger” is מַלְאָכִי (mal’akhi), the same form as the prophet’s name (see note on the name “Malachi” in 1:1). However, here the messenger appears to be an eschatological figure who is about to appear, as the following context suggests. According to 4:5, this messenger is “Elijah the prophet,” whom the NT identifies as John the Baptist (Matt 11:10; Mark 1:2) because he came in the “spirit and power” of Elijah (Matt 11:14; 17:11-12; Lk 1:17).

[3:1]  ⁴⁴ tn Here the Hebrew term הָאָדוֹן (ha’adon) is used, not יְהוָה (yÿhvah, typically rendered Lord). Thus the focus is not on the Lord as the covenant God, but on his role as master.

[3:1]  ⁴⁵ sn This messenger of the covenant may be equated with my messenger (that is, Elijah) mentioned earlier in the verse, or with the Lord himself. In either case the messenger functions as an enforcer of the covenant. Note the following verses, which depict purifying judgment on a people that has violated the Lord’s covenant.

[1:21]  ⁴⁶ tn Grk “you will call his name.”

[1:21]  ⁴⁷ sn The Greek form of the name Ihsous, which was translated into Latin as Jesus, is the same as the Hebrew Yeshua (Joshua), which means “Yahweh saves” (Yahweh is typically rendered as “Lord” in the OT). It was a fairly common name among Jews in 1st century Palestine, as references to a number of people by this name in the LXX and Josephus indicate.

[1:23]  ⁴⁸ tn Grk “they will call his name.”

[1:23]  ⁴⁹ sn A quotation from Isa 7:14.

[1:23]  ⁵⁰ tn Grk “is translated.”

[1:23]  ⁵¹ sn An allusion to Isa 8:8, 10 (LXX).

[21:28]  ⁵² sn These things are all the events of vv. 8-27. Disciples represent the righteous here. The events surrounding the fall of the nation are a down payment on a fuller judgment to come on all humanity. The presence of one guarantees the other.

[21:28]  ⁵³ sn With Jesus’ return comes the manifestation of judgment and final salvation (redemption).

[9:28]  ⁵⁴ sn An allusion to Isa 53:12.

[9:28]  ⁵⁵ tn Grk “without sin,” but in context this does not refer to Christ’s sinlessness (as in Heb 4:15) but to the fact that sin is already dealt with by his first coming.

[9:28]  ⁵⁶ tn Grk “for salvation.” This may be construed with the verb “await” (those who wait for him to bring them salvation), but the connection with “appear” (as in the translation) is more likely.

[10:37]  ⁵⁷ sn A quotation from Isa 26:20.

[10:37]  ⁵⁸ sn A quotation from Hab 2:3.

[10:38]  ⁵⁹ tn Grk “my soul.”

[10:38]  ⁶⁰ sn A quotation from Hab 2:4.

[5:7]  ⁶¹ tn Grk “brothers”; this phrase occurs again three times in the paragraph. See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 1:2.

[5:7]  ⁶² tn Or “advent”; or “coming” (also in v. 8).

[5:7]  ⁶³ tn Grk “Behold! The farmer waits.”

[5:7]  ⁶⁴ tn Grk “being patient.”

[5:9]  ⁶⁵ tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 1:2.

[5:9]  ⁶⁶ sn The term gates is used metaphorically here. The physical referent would be the entrances to the city, but the author uses the term to emphasize the imminence of the judge’s approach.

[1:7]  ⁶⁷ sn An allusion to Dan 7:13.

[1:7]  ⁶⁸ tn Here καί (kai) was translated as ascensive.

[1:7]  ⁶⁹ sn An allusion to Zech 12:10.

[1:7]  ⁷⁰ tn In this context, tribes (φυλαί, fulai) could also be translated as “nations” or “peoples” (L&N 11.56).

[1:7]  ⁷¹ tn The conjunction ἐπί (epi) is most likely causal here. The people who crucified him are those of every tribe on the earth and they will mourn because he comes as judge.

[1:7]  ⁷² tn Grk “Yes, Amen.” The expression “This will certainly come to pass” is an attempt to capture the force of the juxtaposition of the Greek ναί (nai) and the Hebrew ἀμήν (amhn). See L&N 69.1.

[1:7]  ⁷³ sn These lines are placed in parentheses because they form an aside to the main argument.