Ayub 20:14
Konteks20:14 his food is turned sour 1 in his stomach; 2
it becomes the venom of serpents 3 within him.
Amos 8:10
Konteks8:10 I will turn your festivals into funerals, 4
and all your songs into funeral dirges.
I will make everyone wear funeral clothes 5
and cause every head to be shaved bald. 6
I will make you mourn as if you had lost your only son; 7
when it ends it will indeed have been a bitter day. 8
[20:14] 1 tn The perfect verb in the apodosis might express the suddenness of the change (see S. R. Driver, Tenses in Hebrew, 204), or it might be a constative perfect looking at the action as a whole without reference to inception, progress, or completion (see IBHS 480-81 §30.1d). The Niphal perfect simply means “is turned” or “turns”; “sour is supplied in the translation to clarify what is meant.
[20:14] 2 tn The word is “in his loins” or “within him.” Some translate more specifically “bowels.”
[20:14] 3 sn Some commentators suggest that the ancients believed that serpents secreted poison in the gall bladder, or that the poison came from the gall bladder of serpents. In any case, there is poison (from the root “bitter”) in the system of the wicked person; it may simply be saying it is that type of poison.
[8:10] 5 tn Heb “I will place sackcloth on all waists.”
[8:10] sn Mourners wore sackcloth (funeral clothes) as an outward expression of grief.
[8:10] 6 tn Heb “and make every head bald.” This could be understood in a variety of ways, while the ritual act of mourning typically involved shaving the head (although occasionally the hair could be torn out as a sign of mourning).
[8:10] sn Shaving the head or tearing out one’s hair was a ritual act of mourning. See Lev 21:5; Deut 14:1; Isa 3:24; 15:2; Jer 47:5; 48:37; Ezek 7:18; 27:31; Mic 1:16.
[8:10] 7 tn Heb “I will make it like the mourning for an only son.”
[8:10] 8 tn Heb “and its end will be like a bitter day.” The Hebrew preposition כְּ (kaf) sometimes carries the force of “in every respect,” indicating identity rather than mere comparison.
