Galatia 1:19-20

1:19 But I saw none of the other apostles ¹  except James the Lord’s brother. 1:20 I assure you ²  that, before God, I am not lying about what I am writing to you! ³ 

Galatia 1:22

1:22 But I was personally ⁴  unknown to the churches of Judea that are in Christ.

Galatia 3:29

3:29 And if you belong to Christ, then you are Abraham’s descendants, ⁵  heirs according to the promise.

Galatia 4:7

4:7 So you are no longer a slave but a son, and if you are ⁶  a son, then you are also an heir through God. ⁷ 

Galatia 4:13

Personal Appeal of Paul

4:13 But you know it was because of a physical illness that I first proclaimed the gospel to you,

Galatia 4:18

4:18 However, it is good ⁸  to be sought eagerly ⁹  for a good purpose ¹⁰  at all times, and not only when I am present with you.

Galatia 4:26

4:26 But the Jerusalem above is free, ¹¹  and she is our mother.

Galatia 5:15-16

5:15 However, if you continually bite and devour one another, ¹²  beware that you are not consumed ¹³  by one another. 5:16 But I say, live ¹⁴  by the Spirit and you will not carry out the desires of the flesh. ¹⁵ 

Galatia 5:19

5:19 Now the works of the flesh ¹⁶  are obvious: ¹⁷  sexual immorality, impurity, depravity,

Galatia 6:6

6:6 Now the one who receives instruction in the word must share all good things with the one who teaches ¹⁸  it.

[1:19]  ¹ tn Grk “But another of the apostles I did not see, except…” with “another” in emphatic position in the Greek text. Paul is determined to make the point that his contacts with the original twelve apostles and other leaders of the Jerusalem church were limited, thus asserting his independence from them.

[1:20]  ² tn Grk “behold.”

[1:20]  ³ tn Grk “What things I am writing to you, behold, before God [that] I am not lying.”

[1:22]  ⁴ tn Or “by sight”; Grk “by face.”

[3:29]  ⁵ tn Grk “seed.” See the note on the first occurrence of the word “descendant” in 3:16.

[4:7]  ⁶ tn Grk “and if a son, then also an heir.” The words “you are” have been supplied twice to clarify the statement.

[4:7]  ⁷ tc The unusual expression διὰ θεοῦ (dia qeou, “through God”) certainly prompted scribes to alter it to more customary or theologically acceptable ones such as διὰ θεόν (dia qeon, “because of God”; F G 1881 pc), διὰ Χριστοῦ (dia Cristou, “through Christ”; 81 630 pc sa), διὰ ᾿Ιησοῦ Χριστοῦ (dia Ihsou Cristou, “through Jesus Christ”; 1739^c), θεοῦ διὰ Χριστοῦ (“[an heir] of God through Christ”; א² C³ D [P] 0278 [6 326 1505] Ï ar sy), or κληρονόμος μὲν θεοῦ, συγκληρονόμος δὲ Χριστοῦ (klhronomo" men qeou, sugklhronomo" de Cristou, “an heir of God, and fellow-heir with Christ”; Ψ pc [cf. Rom 8:17]). Although it is unusual for Paul to speak of God as an intermediate agent, it is not unprecedented (cf. Gal 1:1; 1 Cor 1:9). Nevertheless, Gal 4:7 is the most direct statement to this effect. Further testimony on behalf of διὰ θεοῦ is to be found in external evidence: The witnesses with this phrase are among the most important in the NT (Ì⁴⁶ א* A B C* 33 1739*^vid lat bo Cl).

[4:18]  ⁸ tn Or “commendable.”

[4:18]  ⁹ tn Or “to be zealous.”

[4:18]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “But it is always good to be zealous in good.”

[4:26]  ¹¹ sn The meaning of the statement the Jerusalem above is free is that the other woman represents the second covenant (cf. v. 24); she corresponds to the Jerusalem above that is free. Paul’s argument is very condensed at this point.

[5:15]  ¹² tn That is, “if you are harming and exploiting one another.” Paul’s metaphors are retained in most modern translations, but it is possible to see the meanings of δάκνω and κατεσθίω (daknw and katesqiw, L&N 20.26 and 88.145) as figurative extensions of the literal meanings of these terms and to translate them accordingly. The present tenses here are translated as customary presents (“continually…”).

[5:15]  ¹³ tn Or “destroyed.”

[5:16]  ¹⁴ tn Grk “walk” (a common NT idiom for how one conducts one’s life or how one behaves).

[5:16]  ¹⁵ tn On the term “flesh” (once in this verse and twice in v. 17) see the note on the same word in Gal 5:13.

[5:19]  ¹⁶ tn See the note on the word “flesh” in Gal 5:13.

[5:19]  ¹⁷ tn Or “clear,” “evident.”

[6:6]  ¹⁸ tn Or “instructs,” “imparts.”