Galatia 1:4
Konteks1:4 who gave himself for our sins to rescue us from this present evil age according to the will of our God and Father,
Galatia 3:14-15
Konteks3:14 in order that in Christ Jesus the blessing of Abraham would come to the Gentiles, 1 so that we could receive the promise of the Spirit by faith.
3:15 Brothers and sisters, 2 I offer an example from everyday life: 3 When a covenant 4 has been ratified, 5 even though it is only a human contract, no one can set it aside or add anything to it.
Galatia 3:23
Konteks3:23 Now before faith 6 came we were held in custody under the law, being kept as prisoners 7 until the coming faith would be revealed.
Galatia 4:1
Konteks4:1 Now I mean that the heir, as long as he is a minor, 8 is no different from a slave, though he is the owner 9 of everything.
Galatia 4:7
Konteks4:7 So you are no longer a slave but a son, and if you are 10 a son, then you are also an heir through God. 11
Galatia 4:23
Konteks4:23 But one, the son by the slave woman, was born by natural descent, 12 while the other, the son by the free woman, was born through the promise.
[3:14] 1 tn Or “so that the blessing of Abraham might come to the Gentiles in Christ Jesus.”
[3:15] 2 tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 1:11.
[3:15] 3 tn Grk “I speak according to man,” referring to the illustration that follows.
[3:15] 4 tn The same Greek word, διαθήκη (diaqhkh), can mean either “covenant” or “will,” but in this context the former is preferred here because Paul is discussing in vv. 16-18 the Abrahamic covenant.
[3:15] 5 tn Or “has been put into effect.”
[3:23] 6 tn Or “the faithfulness [of Christ] came.”
[3:23] 7 tc Instead of the present participle συγκλειόμενοι (sunkleiomenoi; found in Ì46 א A B D* F G P Ψ 33 1739 al), C D1 0176 0278 Ï have the perfect συγκεκλεισμένοι (sunkekleismenoi). The syntactical implication of the perfect is that the cause or the means of being held in custody was confinement (“we were held in custody [by/because of] being confined”). The present participle of course allows for such options, but also allows for contemporaneous time (“while being confined”) and result (“with the result that we were confined”). Externally, the perfect participle has little to commend it, being restricted for the most part to later and Byzantine witnesses.
[3:23] tn Grk “being confined.”
[4:1] 8 tn Grk “a small child.” The Greek term νήπιος (nhpios) refers to a young child, no longer a helpless infant but probably not more than three or four years old (L&N 9.43). The point in context, though, is that this child is too young to take any responsibility for the management of his assets.
[4:1] 9 tn Grk “master” or “lord” (κύριος, kurios).
[4:7] 10 tn Grk “and if a son, then also an heir.” The words “you are” have been supplied twice to clarify the statement.
[4:7] 11 tc The unusual expression διὰ θεοῦ (dia qeou, “through God”) certainly prompted scribes to alter it to more customary or theologically acceptable ones such as διὰ θεόν (dia qeon, “because of God”; F G 1881 pc), διὰ Χριστοῦ (dia Cristou, “through Christ”; 81 630 pc sa), διὰ ᾿Ιησοῦ Χριστοῦ (dia Ihsou Cristou, “through Jesus Christ”; 1739c), θεοῦ διὰ Χριστοῦ (“[an heir] of God through Christ”; א2 C3 D [P] 0278 [6 326 1505] Ï ar sy), or κληρονόμος μὲν θεοῦ, συγκληρονόμος δὲ Χριστοῦ (klhronomo" men qeou, sugklhronomo" de Cristou, “an heir of God, and fellow-heir with Christ”; Ψ pc [cf. Rom 8:17]). Although it is unusual for Paul to speak of God as an intermediate agent, it is not unprecedented (cf. Gal 1:1; 1 Cor 1:9). Nevertheless, Gal 4:7 is the most direct statement to this effect. Further testimony on behalf of διὰ θεοῦ is to be found in external evidence: The witnesses with this phrase are among the most important in the NT (Ì46 א* A B C* 33 1739*vid lat bo Cl).
[4:23] 12 tn Grk “born according to the flesh”; BDAG 916 s.v. σάρξ 4 has “Of natural descent τὰ τέκνα τῆς σαρκός children by natural descent Ro 9:8 (opp. τὰ τέκνα τῆς ἐπαγγελίας). ὁ μὲν ἐκ τῆς παιδίσκης κατὰ σάρκα γεγέννηται Gal 4:23; cp. vs. 29.”
