Kejadian 14:22

14:22 But Abram replied to the king of Sodom, “I raise my hand ¹  to the Lord, the Most High God, Creator of heaven and earth, and vow ² 

Kejadian 21:23

21:23 Now swear to me right here in God’s name ³  that you will not deceive me, my children, or my descendants. ⁴  Show me, and the land ⁵  where you are staying, ⁶  the same loyalty ⁷  that I have shown you.” ⁸ 

Kejadian 21:31-32

21:31 That is why he named that place ⁹  Beer Sheba, ¹⁰  because the two of them swore ¹¹  an oath there.

21:32 So they made a treaty ¹²  at Beer Sheba. Then Abimelech and Phicol, the commander of his army, returned ¹³  to the land of the Philistines. ¹⁴ 

Kejadian 25:33

25:33 But Jacob said, “Swear an oath to me now.” ¹⁵  So Esau ¹⁶  swore an oath to him and sold his birthright ¹⁷  to Jacob.

Kejadian 31:44

31:44 So now, come, let’s make a formal agreement, ¹⁸  you and I, and it will be ¹⁹  proof that we have made peace.” ²⁰ 

Kejadian 31:1

Jacob’s Flight from Laban

31:1 Jacob heard that Laban’s sons were complaining, ²¹  “Jacob has taken everything that belonged to our father! He has gotten rich ²²  at our father’s expense!” ²³ 

1 Samuel 14:24

Jonathan Violates Saul’s Oath

14:24 Now the men of Israel were hard pressed that day, for Saul had made the army agree to this oath: “Cursed be the man who eats food before evening! I will get my vengeance on my enemies!” So no one in the army ate anything.

1 Samuel 20:3

20:3 Taking an oath, David again ²⁴  said, “Your father is very much aware of the fact ²⁵  that I have found favor with you, and he has thought, ²⁶  ‘Don’t let Jonathan know about this, or he will be upset.’ But as surely as the Lord lives and you live, there is about one step between me and death!”

1 Samuel 20:16-17

20:16 and called David’s enemies to account.” So Jonathan made a covenant ²⁷  with the house of David. ²⁸  20:17 Jonathan once again took an oath with David, because he loved him. In fact Jonathan loved him as much as he did his own life. ²⁹ 

1 Samuel 30:15

30:15 David said to him, “Can you take us down to this raiding party?” He said, “Swear to me by God that you will not kill me or hand me over to my master, and I will take you down to this raiding party.”

Ibrani 6:16

6:16 For people ³⁰  swear by something greater than themselves, ³¹  and the oath serves as a confirmation to end all dispute. ³² 

[14:22]  ¹ tn Abram takes an oath, raising his hand as a solemn gesture. The translation understands the perfect tense as having an instantaneous nuance: “Here and now I raise my hand.”

[14:22]  ² tn The words “and vow” are not in the Hebrew text, but are supplied in the translation for clarification.

[21:23]  ³ tn Heb “And now swear to me by God here.”

[21:23]  ⁴ tn Heb “my offspring and my descendants.”

[21:23]  ⁵ tn The word “land” refers by metonymy to the people in the land.

[21:23]  ⁶ tn The Hebrew verb means “to stay, to live, to sojourn” as a temporary resident without ownership rights.

[21:23]  ⁷ tn Or “kindness.”

[21:23]  ⁸ tn Heb “According to the loyalty which I have done with you, do with me and with the land in which you are staying.”

[21:31]  ⁹ tn Heb “that is why he called that place.” Some translations render this as an impersonal passive, “that is why that place was called.”

[21:31]  ¹⁰ sn The name Beer Sheba (בְּאֵר שָׁבַע, bÿ’er shava’) means “well of the oath” or “well of the seven.” Both the verb “to swear” and the number “seven” have been used throughout the account. Now they are drawn in as part of the explanation of the significance of the name.

[21:31]  ¹¹ sn The verb forms a wordplay with the name Beer Sheba.

[21:32]  ¹² tn Heb “cut a covenant.”

[21:32]  ¹³ tn Heb “arose and returned.”

[21:32]  ¹⁴ sn The Philistines mentioned here may not be ethnically related to those who lived in Palestine in the time of the judges and the united monarchy. See D. M. Howard, “Philistines,” Peoples of the Old Testament World, 238.

[25:33]  ¹⁵ tn Heb “Swear to me today.”

[25:33]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “and he”; the referent (Esau) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[25:33]  ¹⁷ sn And sold his birthright. There is evidence from Hurrian culture that rights of inheritance were occasionally sold or transferred. Here Esau is portrayed as a profane person who would at the moment rather have a meal than the right to inherit. He will soon forget this trade and seek his father’s blessing in spite of it.

[31:44]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “cut a covenant.”

[31:44]  ¹⁹ tn The verb הָיָה (hayah) followed by the preposition לְ (lÿ) means “become.”

[31:44]  ²⁰ tn Heb “and it will become a witness between me and you.”

[31:1]  ²¹ tn Heb “and he heard the words of the sons of Laban, saying.”

[31:1]  ²² sn The Hebrew word translated “gotten rich” (כָּבוֹד, cavod) has the basic idea of “weight.” If one is heavy with possessions, then that one is wealthy (13:2). Abraham, Jacob, and Joseph all became wealthy when they left the promised land. Jacob’s wealth foreshadows what will happen to Israel when they leave the land of Egypt (Exod 12:35-38).

[31:1]  ²³ tn Heb “and from that which belonged to our father he has gained all this wealth.”

[20:3]  ²⁴ tc The LXX and the Syriac Peshitta lack the word “again.”

[20:3]  ²⁵ tn The infinitive absolute appears before the finite verb for emphasis.

[20:3]  ²⁶ tn Heb “said,” that is, to himself. So also in v. 25.

[20:16]  ²⁷ tn Heb “cut.” The object of the verb (“covenant”) must be supplied.

[20:16]  ²⁸ tn The word order is different in the Hebrew text, which reads “and Jonathan cut with the house of David, and the Lord will seek from the hand of the enemies of David.” The translation assumes that the main clauses of the verse have been accidentally transposed in the course of transmission. The first part of the verse (as it stands in MT) belongs with v. 17, while the second part of the verse actually continues v. 15.

[20:17]  ²⁹ tn Heb “for [with] the love of his [own] life he loved him.”

[6:16]  ³⁰ tn The plural Greek term ἄνθρωποι (anqrwpoi) is used here in a generic sense, referring to both men and women, and is thus translated “people.”

[6:16]  ³¹ tn Grk “by something greater”; the rest of the comparison (“than themselves”) is implied.

[6:16]  ³² tn Grk “the oath for confirmation is an end of all dispute.”