Ibrani 1:1

Introduction: God Has Spoken Fully and Finally in His Son

1:1 After God spoke long ago ¹  in various portions ²  and in various ways ³  to our ancestors ⁴  through the prophets,

Ibrani 2:2

2:2 For if the message spoken through angels ⁵  proved to be so firm that every violation ⁶  or disobedience received its just penalty,

Ibrani 3:7

Exposition of Psalm 95: Hearing God’s Word in Faith

3:7 Therefore, as the Holy Spirit says, ⁷ 

“Oh, that today you would listen as he speaks! ⁸ 

Ibrani 3:15

3:15 As it says, ⁹  “Oh, that today you would listen as he speaks! ¹⁰  Do not harden your hearts as in the rebellion.” ¹¹ 

Ibrani 6:17

6:17 In the same way ¹²  God wanted to demonstrate more clearly to the heirs of the promise that his purpose was unchangeable, ¹³  and so he intervened with an oath,

Ibrani 11:22

11:22 By faith Joseph, at the end of his life, ¹⁴  mentioned the exodus of the sons of Israel ¹⁵  and gave instructions about his burial. ¹⁶ 

Ibrani 11:31

11:31 By faith Rahab the prostitute escaped the destruction of ¹⁷  the disobedient, because she welcomed the spies in peace.

Ibrani 12:9

12:9 Besides, we have experienced discipline from ¹⁸  our earthly fathers ¹⁹  and we respected them; shall we not submit ourselves all the more to the Father of spirits and receive life? ²⁰ 

Ibrani 12:11

12:11 Now all discipline seems painful at the time, not joyful. ²¹  But later it produces the fruit of peace and righteousness ²²  for those trained by it.

Ibrani 13:2

13:2 Do not neglect hospitality, because through it some have entertained angels without knowing it. ²³ 

[1:1]  ¹ tn Or “spoke formerly.”

[1:1]  ² tn Or “parts.” The idea is that God’s previous revelation came in many parts and was therefore fragmentary or partial (L&N 63.19), in comparison with the final and complete revelation contained in God’s Son. However, some interpret πολυμερῶς (polumerw") in Heb 1:1 to mean “on many different occasions” and would thus translate “many times” (L&N 67.11). This is the option followed by the NIV: “at many times and in various ways.” Finally, this word is also understood to refer to the different manners in which something may be done, and would then be translated “in many different ways” (L&N 89.81). In this last case, the two words πολυμερῶς and πολυτρόπως (polutropw") mutually reinforce one another (“in many and various ways,” NRSV).

[1:1]  ³ tn These two phrases are emphasized in Greek by being placed at the beginning of the sentence and by alliteration.

[1:1]  ⁴ tn Grk “to the fathers.”

[2:2]  ⁵ sn The message spoken through angels refers to the OT law, which according to Jewish tradition was mediated to Moses through angels (cf. Deut 33:2; Ps 68:17-18; Acts 7:38, 53; Gal 3:19; and Jub. 1:27, 29; Josephus, Ant. 15.5.3 [15.136]).

[2:2]  ⁶ tn Grk “through angels became valid and every violation.”

[3:7]  ⁷ sn The following quotation is from Ps 95:7b-11.

[3:7]  ⁸ tn Grk “today if you hear his voice.”

[3:15]  ⁹ tn Grk “while it is said.”

[3:15]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “today if you hear his voice.”

[3:15]  ¹¹ sn A quotation from Ps 95:7b-8.

[6:17]  ¹² tn Grk “in which.”

[6:17]  ¹³ tn Or “immutable” (here and in v. 18); Grk “the unchangeableness of his purpose.”

[11:22]  ¹⁴ tn Grk “coming to an end,” “dying.”

[11:22]  ¹⁵ sn Joseph’s prophecy about the exodus of the sons of Israel is found in Gen 50:24.

[11:22]  ¹⁶ tn Grk “about his bones,” which refers by metonymy to the disposition of his bones, i.e., his burial.

[11:22]  sn The instructions about his burial are recorded in Gen 50:25.

[11:31]  ¹⁷ tn Grk “did not perish together with.”

[12:9]  ¹⁸ tn Grk “we had our earthly fathers as discipliners.”

[12:9]  ¹⁹ tn Grk “the fathers of our flesh.” In Hebrews, “flesh” is a characteristic way of speaking about outward, physical, earthly life (cf. Heb 5:7; 9:10, 13), as opposed to the inward or spiritual dimensions of life.

[12:9]  ²⁰ tn Grk “and live.”

[12:9]  sn Submit ourselves…to the Father of spirits and receive life. This idea is drawn from Proverbs, where the Lord’s discipline brings life, while resistance to it leads to death (cf. Prov 4:13; 6:23; 10:17; 16:17).

[12:11]  ²¹ tn Grk “all discipline at the time does not seem to be of joy, but of sorrow.”

[12:11]  ²² tn Grk “the peaceful fruit of righteousness.”

[13:2]  ²³ sn This is a vague allusion to people described in scripture and extra-biblical literature and may include Abraham and Sarah (Gen 18:2-15), Lot (Gen 19:1-14), Gideon (Judg 6:11-18), Manoah (Judg 13:3-22), and possibly Tobit (Tob 12:1-20).