Kejadian 14:5

14:5 In the fourteenth year, Kedorlaomer and the kings who were his allies came and defeated ¹  the Rephaites in Ashteroth Karnaim, the Zuzites in Ham, the Emites in Shaveh Kiriathaim,

Kejadian 14:17

14:17 After Abram ²  returned from defeating Kedorlaomer and the kings who were with him, the king of Sodom went out to meet Abram ³  in the Valley of Shaveh (known as the King’s Valley). ⁴ 

Kejadian 34:30

34:30 Then Jacob said to Simeon and Levi, “You have brought ruin ⁵  on me by making me a foul odor ⁶  among the inhabitants of the land – among the Canaanites and the Perizzites. I ⁷  am few in number; they will join forces against me and attack me, and both I and my family will be destroyed!”

[14:5]  ¹ tn The Hebrew verb נָכָה (nakhah) means “to attack, to strike, to smite.” In this context it appears that the strike was successful, and so a translation of “defeated” is preferable.

[14:17]  ² tn Heb “he”; the referent (Abram) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[14:17]  ³ tn Heb “him”; the referent (Abram) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[14:17]  ⁴ sn The King’s Valley is possibly a reference to what came to be known later as the Kidron Valley.

[34:30]  ⁵ tn The traditional translation is “troubled me” (KJV, ASV), but the verb refers to personal or national disaster and suggests complete ruin (see Josh 7:25, Judg 11:35, Prov 11:17). The remainder of the verse describes the “trouble” Simeon and Levi had caused.

[34:30]  ⁶ tn In the causative stem the Hebrew verb בָּאַשׁ (ba’ash) means “to cause to stink, to have a foul smell.” In the contexts in which it is used it describes foul smells, stenches, or things that are odious. Jacob senses that the people in the land will find this act terribly repulsive. See P. R. Ackroyd, “The Hebrew Root באשׁ,” JTS 2 (1951): 31-36.

[34:30]  ⁷ tn Jacob speaks in the first person as the head and representative of the entire family.