

[28:18] 1 tn Heb “and he got up early…and he took.”
[28:18] 2 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Jacob) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
[28:18] 3 tn See the note on this phrase in v. 11.
[28:18] 4 tn Heb “standing stone.”
[28:18] sn Sacred stone. Such a stone could be used as a boundary marker, a burial stone, or as a shrine. Here the stone is intended to be a reminder of the stairway that was “erected” and on which the
[2:11] 5 sn The house mentioned in vv. 9-10 represents the Babylonian empire, which became great through imperialism. Here the materials of this “house” (the stones in the walls, the wooden rafters) are personified as witnesses who testify that the occupants have built the house through wealth stolen from others.