Keluaran 1:12

1:12 But the more the Egyptians ¹  oppressed them, the more they multiplied and spread. ²  As a result the Egyptians loathed ³  the Israelites,

Keluaran 6:26

6:26 It was the same Aaron and Moses to whom the Lord said, “Bring the Israelites out of the land of Egypt by their regiments.” ⁴ 

Keluaran 10:4

10:4 But if you refuse to release my people, I am going to bring ⁵  locusts ⁶  into your territory ⁷  tomorrow.

Keluaran 10:21

The Ninth Blow: Darkness

10:21 ⁸ The Lord said to Moses, “Extend your hand toward heaven ⁹  so that there may be ¹⁰  darkness over the land of Egypt, a darkness so thick it can be felt.” ¹¹ 

Keluaran 11:4

11:4 Moses said, “Thus says the Lord: ‘About midnight ¹²  I will go throughout Egypt, ¹³ 

Keluaran 11:9

11:9 The Lord said to Moses, “Pharaoh will not listen to you, so that my wonders ¹⁴  may be multiplied in the land of Egypt.”

Keluaran 12:9

12:9 Do not eat it raw ¹⁵  or boiled in water, but roast it over the fire with its head, its legs, and its entrails.

Keluaran 15:15

15:15 Then the chiefs of Edom will be terrified, ¹⁶ 

trembling will seize ¹⁷  the leaders of Moab,

and the inhabitants of Canaan will shake.

Keluaran 23:26

23:26 No woman will miscarry her young ¹⁸  or be barren in your land. I will fulfill ¹⁹  the number of your days.

Keluaran 29:24

29:24 You are to put all these ²⁰  in Aaron’s hands ²¹  and in his sons’ hands, and you are to wave them as a wave offering ²²  before the Lord.

Keluaran 30:29

30:29 So you are to sanctify them, ²³  and they will be most holy; ²⁴  anything that touches them will be holy. ²⁵ 

Keluaran 33:10

33:10 When all the people would see the pillar of cloud standing at the entrance of the tent, all the people, each one at the entrance of his own tent, would rise and worship. ²⁶ 

Keluaran 34:32

34:32 After this all the Israelites approached, and he commanded them all that the Lord had spoken to him on Mount Sinai.

Keluaran 37:23

37:23 He made its seven lamps, its trimmers, and its trays of pure gold.

Keluaran 37:26

37:26 He overlaid it with pure gold – its top, ²⁷  its four walls, ²⁸  and its horns – and he made a surrounding border of gold for it. ²⁹ 

Keluaran 38:2

38:2 He made its horns on its four corners; its horns were part of it, ³⁰  and he overlaid it with bronze.

Keluaran 38:30

38:30 With it he made the bases for the door of the tent of meeting, the bronze altar, the bronze grating for it, and all the utensils of the altar,

Keluaran 40:10

40:10 Then you are to anoint the altar for the burnt offering with ³¹  all its utensils; you are to sanctify the altar, and it will be the most holy altar.

[1:12]  ¹ tn Heb “they”; the referent (the Egyptians) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[1:12]  ² tn The imperfect tenses in this verse are customary uses, expressing continual action in past time (see GKC 315 §107.e). For other examples of כַּאֲשֶׁר (ka’asher) with כֵּן (ken) expressing a comparison (“just as…so”) see Gen 41:13; Judg 1:7; Isa 31:4.

[1:12]  sn Nothing in the oppression caused this, of course. Rather, the blessing of God (Gen 12:1-3) was on Israel in spite of the efforts of Egypt to hinder it. According to Gen 15 God had foretold that there would be this period of oppression (עָנָה [’anah] in Gen 15:13). In other words, God had decreed and predicted both their becoming a great nation and the oppression to show that he could fulfill his promise to Abraham in spite of the bondage.

[1:12]  ³ tn Heb “they felt a loathing before/because of”; the referent (the Egyptians) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[6:26]  ⁴ tn Or “by their hosts” or “by their armies.” Often translated “hosts” (ASV, NASB) or “armies” (KJV), צְבָאוֹת (tsÿva’ot) is a military term that portrays the people of God in battle array. In contemporary English, “regiment” is perhaps more easily understood as a force for battle than “company” (cf. NAB, NRSV) or “division” (NIV, NCV, NLT), both of which can have commercial associations. The term also implies an orderly departure.

[10:4]  ⁵ tn הִנְנִי (hinni) before the active participle מֵבִיא (mevi’) is the imminent future construction: “I am about to bring” or “I am going to bring” – precisely, “here I am bringing.”

[10:4]  ⁶ tn One of the words for “locusts” in the Bible is אַרְבֶּה (’arbeh), which comes from רָבָה (ravah, “to be much, many”). It was used for locusts because of their immense numbers.

[10:4]  ⁷ tn Heb “within your border.”

[10:21]  ⁸ sn The ninth plague is that darkness fell on all the land – except on Israel. This plague is comparable to the silence in heaven, just prior to the last and terrible plague (Rev 8:1). Here Yahweh is attacking a core Egyptian religious belief as well as portraying what lay before the Egyptians. Throughout the Bible darkness is the symbol of evil, chaos, and judgment. Blindness is one of its manifestations (see Deut 28:27-29). But the plague here is not blindness, or even spiritual blindness, but an awesome darkness from outside (see Joel 2:2; Zeph 1:15). It is particularly significant in that Egypt’s high god was the Sun God. Lord Sun was now being shut down by Lord Yahweh. If Egypt would not let Israel go to worship their God, then Egypt’s god would be darkness. The structure is familiar: the plague, now unannounced (21-23), and then the confrontation with Pharaoh (24-27).

[10:21]  ⁹ tn Or “the sky” (also in the following verse). The Hebrew term שָׁמַיִם (shamayim) may be translated “heavens” or “sky” depending on the context.

[10:21]  ¹⁰ sn The verb form is the jussive with the sequential vav – וִיהִי חֹשֶׁךְ (vihi khoshekh). B. Jacob (Exodus, 286) notes this as the only instance where Scripture says, “Let there be darkness” (although it is subordinated as a purpose clause; cf. Gen 1:3). Isa 45:7 alluded to this by saying, “who created light and darkness.”

[10:21]  ¹¹ tn The Hebrew term מוּשׁ (mush) means “to feel.” The literal rendering would be “so that one may feel darkness.” The image portrays an oppressive darkness; it was sufficiently thick to possess the appearance of substance, although it was just air (B. Jacob, Exodus, 286).

[11:4]  ¹² tn Heb “about the middle of the night.”

[11:4]  ¹³ tn Heb “I will go out in the midst of Egypt.”

[11:9]  ¹⁴ sn The thought is essentially the same as in Exod 7:3-4, but the wonders, or portents, here refer to what is yet to be done in Egypt.

[12:9]  ¹⁵ sn This ruling was to prevent their eating it just softened by the fire or partially roasted as differing customs might prescribe or allow.

[15:15]  ¹⁶ tn This is a prophetic perfect.

[15:15]  ¹⁷ tn This verb is imperfect tense.

[23:26]  ¹⁸ tn Or “abort”; Heb “cast.”

[23:26]  ¹⁹ sn No one will die prematurely; this applies to the individual or the nation. The plan of God to bless was extensive, if only the people would obey.

[29:24]  ²⁰ tn Heb “the whole” or “the all.”

[29:24]  ²¹ tn Heb “palms.”

[29:24]  ²² tn The “wave offering” is תְּנוּפָה (tÿnufah); it is, of course, cognate with the verb, but an adverbial accusative rather than the direct object. In Lev 23 this seems to be a sacrificial gesture of things that are for the priests – but they present them first to Yahweh and then receive them back from him. So the waving is not side to side, but forward to Yahweh and then back to the priest. Here it is just an induction into that routine, since this is the ordination of the priests and the gifts are not yet theirs. So this will all be burned on the altar.

[30:29]  ²³ tn The verb is a Piel perfect with vav (ו) consecutive; in this verse it is summarizing or explaining what the anointing has accomplished. This is the effect of the anointing (see Exod 29:36).

[30:29]  ²⁴ tn This is the superlative genitive again, Heb “holy of holies.”

[30:29]  ²⁵ tn See Exod 29:37; as before, this could refer to anything or anyone touching the sanctified items.

[33:10]  ²⁶ tn All the main verbs in this verse are perfect tenses continuing the customary sequence (see GKC 337 §112.kk). The idea is that the people would get up (rise) when the cloud was there and then worship, meaning in part bow down. When the cloud was not there, there was access to seek God.

[37:26]  ²⁷ tn Heb “roof.”

[37:26]  ²⁸ tn Heb “its walls around.”

[37:26]  ²⁹ tn Heb “and he made for it border gold around.”

[38:2]  ³⁰ tn Heb “its horns were from it,” meaning from the same piece.

[40:10]  ³¹ tn Heb “and.”