Yehezkiel 18:4

18:4 Indeed! All lives are mine – the life of the father as well as the life of the son is mine. The one ¹  who sins will die.

Yehezkiel 48:22

48:22 The property of the Levites and of the city will be in the middle of that which belongs to the prince. The portion between the border of Judah and the border of Benjamin will be for the prince.

Yehezkiel 33:26

33:26 You rely ²  on your swords and commit abominable deeds; each of you defiles his neighbor’s wife. Will you possess the land?’

Yehezkiel 35:10

35:10 “‘You said, “These two nations, these two lands ³  will be mine, and we will possess them,” ⁴  – although the Lord was there –

Yehezkiel 46:16

46:16 “‘This is what the sovereign Lord says: If the prince should give a gift to one of his sons as ⁵  his inheritance, it will belong to his sons, it is their property by inheritance.

Yehezkiel 33:24

33:24 “Son of man, the ones living in these ruins in the land of Israel are saying, ‘Abraham was only one man, yet he possessed the land, but we are many; surely the land has been given to us for a possession.’ ⁶ 

Yehezkiel 25:10

25:10 I will hand it over, ⁷  along with the Ammonites, ⁸  to the tribes ⁹  of the east, so that the Ammonites will no longer be remembered among the nations.

Yehezkiel 46:17

46:17 But if he gives a gift from his inheritance to one of his servants, it will be his until the year of liberty; ¹⁰  then it will revert to the prince. His inheritance will only remain with his sons.

Yehezkiel 36:12

36:12 I will lead people, my people Israel, across you; they will possess you and you will become their inheritance. No longer will you bereave them of their children.

Yehezkiel 29:9

29:9 The land of Egypt will become a desolate ruin. Then they will know that I am the Lord.

Because he said, “The Nile is mine and I made it,”

Yehezkiel 23:4

23:4 Oholah was the name of the older and Oholibah ¹¹  the name of her younger sister. They became mine, and gave birth to sons and daughters. ¹²  Oholah is Samaria and Oholibah is Jerusalem.

Yehezkiel 36:5

36:5 therefore this is what the sovereign Lord says: Surely I have spoken in the fire of my zeal against the rest of the nations, and against all Edom, who with great joy and utter contempt have made my land their property and prey, because of its pasture.’

Yehezkiel 7:24

7:24 I will bring the most wicked of the nations and they will take possession of their houses. I will put an end to the arrogance of the strong, and their sanctuaries ¹³  will be desecrated.

Yehezkiel 45:15

45:15 and one sheep from each flock of two hundred, from the watered places of Israel, for a grain offering, burnt offering, and peace offering, to make atonement for them, declares the sovereign Lord.

Yehezkiel 36:2

36:2 This is what the sovereign Lord says: The enemy has spoken against you, saying “Aha!” and, “The ancient heights ¹⁴  have become our property!”’

Yehezkiel 33:25

33:25 Therefore say to them, ‘This is what the sovereign Lord says: You eat the meat with the blood still in it, ¹⁵  pray to ¹⁶  your idols, and shed blood. Do you really think you will possess ¹⁷  the land?

Yehezkiel 25:4

25:4 So take note, ¹⁸  I am about to make you slaves of ¹⁹  the tribes ²⁰  of the east. They will make camps among you and pitch their tents among you. They will eat your fruit and drink your milk.

Yehezkiel 16:8

16:8 “‘Then I passed by you and watched you, noticing ²¹  that you had reached the age for love. ²²  I spread my cloak ²³  over you and covered your nakedness. I swore a solemn oath to you and entered into a marriage covenant with you, declares the sovereign Lord, and you became mine.

Yehezkiel 48:11

48:11 This will be for the priests who are set apart from the descendants of Zadok who kept my charge and did not go astray when the people of Israel strayed off, like the Levites did. ²⁴ 

Yehezkiel 36:3

36:3 So prophesy and say: ‘This is what the sovereign Lord says: Surely because they have made you desolate and crushed you from all directions, so that you have become the property of the rest of the nations, and have become the subject of gossip ²⁵  and slander among the people,

Yehezkiel 29:3

29:3 Tell them, ‘This is what the sovereign Lord says:

“‘Look, I am against ²⁶  you, Pharaoh king of Egypt,

the great monster ²⁷  lying in the midst of its waterways,

who has said, “My Nile is my own, I made it for myself.” ²⁸ 

Yehezkiel 11:15

11:15 “Son of man, your brothers, ²⁹  your relatives, ³⁰  and the whole house of Israel, all of them are those to whom the inhabitants of Jerusalem ³¹  have said, ‘They have gone ³²  far away from the Lord; to us this land has been given as a possession.’

Yehezkiel 48:21

48:21 “The rest, on both sides of the holy allotment and the property of the city, will belong to the prince. Extending from the eight and a quarter miles ³³  of the holy allotment to the east border, and westward from the eight and a quarter miles ³⁴  to the west border, alongside the portions, it will belong to the prince. The holy allotment and the sanctuary of the temple will be in the middle of it.

Yehezkiel 38:12

38:12 to loot and plunder, to attack ³⁵  the inhabited ruins and the people gathered from the nations, who are acquiring cattle and goods, who live at the center ³⁶  of the earth.”

Yehezkiel 16:15

16:15 “‘But you trusted in your beauty and capitalized on your fame by becoming a prostitute. You offered your sexual favors to every man who passed by so that your beauty ³⁷  became his.

Yehezkiel 48:10

48:10 These will be the allotments for the holy portion: for the priests, toward the north eight and a quarter miles ³⁸  in length, toward the west three and one-third miles ³⁹  in width, toward the east three and one-third miles ⁴⁰  in width, and toward the south eight and a quarter miles ⁴¹  in length; the sanctuary of the Lord will be in the middle.

Yehezkiel 44:28

44:28 “‘This will be their inheritance: I am their inheritance, and you must give them no property in Israel; I am their property. ⁴² 

Yehezkiel 46:18

46:18 The prince will not take away any of the people’s inheritance by oppressively removing them from their property. He will give his sons an inheritance from his own possessions so that my people will not be scattered, each from his own property.’”

Yehezkiel 48:1

The Tribal Portions

48:1 “These are the names of the tribes: From the northern end beside the road of Hethlon to Lebo-hamath, as far as Hazar-enan (which is on the border of Damascus, toward the north beside Hamath), extending from the east side to the west, Dan will have one portion.

Yehezkiel 45:8

45:8 of the land. This will be his property in Israel. My princes will no longer oppress my people, but the land will be allotted to the house of Israel according to their tribes.

Yehezkiel 48:29

48:29 This is the land which you will allot to the tribes of Israel, and these are their portions, declares the sovereign Lord.

Yehezkiel 47:14

47:14 You must divide it equally just as I vowed to give it to your forefathers; ⁴³  this land will be assigned as your inheritance. ⁴⁴ 

Yehezkiel 48:20

48:20 The whole allotment will be eight and a quarter miles ⁴⁵  square, you must set apart the holy allotment with the possession of the city.

Yehezkiel 45:5-6

45:5 An area eight and a quarter miles ⁴⁶  in length and three and one-third miles ⁴⁷  in width will be for the Levites, who minister at the temple, as the place for the cities ⁴⁸  in which they will live.

45:6 “‘Alongside the portion set apart as the holy allotment, you will allot for the city an area one and two-thirds miles ⁴⁹  wide and eight and a quarter miles ⁵⁰  long; it will be for the whole house of Israel.

Yehezkiel 47:23

47:23 In whatever tribe the foreigner resides, there you will give him his inheritance,” declares the sovereign Lord.

Yehezkiel 1:6

1:6 but each had four faces and four wings.

Yehezkiel 45:9

45:9 “‘This is what the sovereign Lord says: Enough, you princes of Israel! Put away violence and destruction, and do what is just and right. Put an end to your evictions of my people, ⁵¹  declares the sovereign Lord.

Yehezkiel 47:22

47:22 You must allot it as an inheritance among yourselves and for the foreigners who reside among you, who have fathered sons among you. You must treat them as native-born among the people of Israel; they will be allotted an inheritance with you among the tribes of Israel. ⁵² 

Yehezkiel 45:7

45:7 “‘For the prince there will be land on both sides of the holy allotment and the allotted city, alongside the holy allotment and the allotted city, on the west side and on the east side; it will be comparable in length to one of the portions, from the west border to the east border

Yehezkiel 48:14

48:14 They must not sell or exchange any of it; they must not transfer this choice portion of land, for it is set apart ⁵³  to the Lord.

Yehezkiel 1:18

1:18 Their rims were high and awesome, ⁵⁴  and the rims of all four wheels were full of eyes all around.

Yehezkiel 7:14

7:14 “They have blown the trumpet and everyone is ready, but no one goes to battle, because my anger is against their whole crowd. ⁵⁵ 

Yehezkiel 10:21

10:21 Each had four faces; each had four wings and the form of human hands under the wings.

Yehezkiel 23:5

23:5 “Oholah engaged in prostitution while she was mine. ⁵⁶  She lusted after her lovers, the Assyrians ⁵⁷  – warriors ⁵⁸ 

Yehezkiel 27:18

27:18 Damascus was your trade partner because of the abundance of your goods and of all your wealth: wine from Helbon, white wool from Zahar,

Yehezkiel 47:21

47:21 “This is how you will divide this land for yourselves among the tribes of Israel.

Yehezkiel 35:15

35:15 As you rejoiced over the inheritance of the house of Israel because it was desolate, so will I deal with you – you will be desolate, Mount Seir, and all of Edom – all of it! Then they will know that I am the Lord.’”

Yehezkiel 45:1

The Lord’s Portion of the Land

45:1 “‘When you allot the land as an inheritance, you will offer an allotment ⁵⁹  to the Lord, a holy portion from the land; the length will be eight and a quarter miles ⁶⁰  and the width three and one-third miles. ⁶¹  This entire area will be holy. ⁶² 

Yehezkiel 1:10-11

1:10 Their faces had this appearance: Each of the four had the face of a man, with the face of a lion on the right, the face of an ox on the left and also the face of an eagle. ⁶³  1:11 Their wings were spread out above them; each had two wings touching the wings of one of the other beings on either side and two wings covering their bodies.

Yehezkiel 7:12

7:12 The time has come; the day has struck! The customer should not rejoice, nor the seller mourn; for divine wrath ⁶⁴  comes against their whole crowd.

Yehezkiel 9:5

9:5 While I listened, he said to the others, ⁶⁵  “Go through the city after him and strike people down; do no let your eye pity nor spare ⁶⁶  anyone!

Yehezkiel 10:9

10:9 As I watched, I noticed ⁶⁷  four wheels by the cherubim, one wheel beside each cherub; ⁶⁸  the wheels gleamed like jasper. ⁶⁹ 

Yehezkiel 18:14

18:14 “But suppose he in turn has a son who notices all the sins his father commits, considers them, and does not follow his father’s example. ⁷⁰ 

Yehezkiel 23:29

23:29 They will treat you with hatred, take away all you have labored for, ⁷¹  and leave you naked and bare. Your nakedness will be exposed, just as when you engaged in prostitution and obscene conduct. ⁷² 

Yehezkiel 32:15

32:15 When I turn the land of Egypt into desolation

and the land is destitute of everything that fills it,

when I strike all those who live in it,

then they will know that I am the Lord.’

Yehezkiel 44:29

44:29 They may eat the grain offering, the sin offering, and the guilt offering, and every devoted thing in Israel will be theirs.

Yehezkiel 47:13

Boundaries for the Land

47:13 This is what the sovereign Lord says: “Here ⁷³  are the borders ⁷⁴  you will observe as you allot the land to the twelve tribes of Israel. (Joseph will have two portions.) ⁷⁵ 

Yehezkiel 7:13

7:13 The customer will no longer pay the seller ⁷⁶  while both parties are alive, for the vision against their whole crowd ⁷⁷  will not be revoked. Each person, for his iniquity, ⁷⁸  will fail to preserve his life.

Yehezkiel 9:6

9:6 Old men, young men, young women, little children, and women – wipe them out! But do not touch anyone who has the mark. Begin at my sanctuary!” So they began with the elders who were at the front of the temple.

Yehezkiel 10:7

10:7 Then one of the cherubim ⁷⁹  stretched out his hand ⁸⁰  toward the fire which was among the cherubim. He took some and put it into the hands of the man dressed in linen, who took it and left.

Yehezkiel 16:7

16:7 I made you plentiful like sprouts in a field; you grew tall and came of age so that you could wear jewelry. Your breasts had formed and your hair had grown, but you were still naked and bare.

Yehezkiel 25:7

25:7 take note, I have stretched out my hand against you, and I will hand you over as plunder ⁸¹  to the nations. I will cut you off from the peoples and make you perish from the lands. I will destroy you; then you will know that I am the Lord.’”

Yehezkiel 34:16

34:16 I will seek the lost and bring back the strays; I will bandage the injured and strengthen the sick, but the fat and the strong I will destroy. I will feed them – with judgment!

Yehezkiel 44:30

44:30 The first of all the first fruits and all contributions of any kind ⁸²  will be for the priests; you will also give to the priest the first portion of your dough, so that a blessing may rest on your house.

[18:4]  ¹ tn Heb “life.”

[33:26]  ² tn Heb “stand.”

[35:10]  ³ sn The reference is to Israel and Judah.

[35:10]  ⁴ tn Heb “it.”

[46:16]  ⁵ tn The Hebrew text has no preposition; the LXX reads “from” (see v. 17).

[33:24]  ⁶ sn Outside of its seven occurrences in Ezekiel the term translated “possession” appears only in Exod 6:8 and Deut 33:4.

[25:10]  ⁷ tn Heb “I will give it for a possession.”

[25:10]  ⁸ tn Heb “the sons of Ammon” (twice in this verse).

[25:10]  ⁹ tn Heb “the sons.”

[46:17]  ¹⁰ sn That is, the year of Jubilee (Lev 25:8-15).

[23:4]  ¹¹ tn The names Oholah and Oholibah are both derived from the word meaning “tent.” The meaning of Oholah is “her tent,” while Oholibah means “my tent is in her.”

[23:4]  ¹² sn In this allegory the Lord is depicted as being the husband of two wives. The OT law prohibited a man from marrying sisters (Lev 18:18), but the practice is attested in the OT (cf. Jacob). The metaphor is utilized here for illustrative purposes and does not mean that the Lord condoned such a practice or bigamy in general.

[7:24]  ¹³ sn Or “their holy places” (KJV, ASV, NASB, NCV, NRSV).

[36:2]  ¹⁴ tn Or “high places.”

[33:25]  ¹⁵ sn This practice was a violation of Levitical law (see Lev 19:26).

[33:25]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “lift up your eyes.”

[33:25]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “Will you possess?”

[25:4]  ¹⁸ tn The word הִנֵּה (hinneh, traditionally “behold”) indicates being aware of or taking notice of something and has been translated here with a verb (so also throughout the chapter).

[25:4]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “Look I am about to give you for a possession to.”

[25:4]  ²⁰ tn Heb “sons.”

[16:8]  ²¹ tn The word הִנֵּה (hinneh, traditionally “behold”) indicates becoming aware of something and has been translated here as a participle.

[16:8]  ²² tn See similar use of this term in Ezek 23:17; Prov 7:16; Song of Songs 4:10; 7:13.

[16:8]  ²³ tn Heb “wing” or “skirt.” The gesture symbolized acquiring a woman in early Arabia (similarly, see Deut 22:30; Ruth 3:9).

[48:11]  ²⁴ tn Heb “strayed off.”

[36:3]  ²⁵ tn Heb “lip of the tongue.”

[29:3]  ²⁶ tn Or “I challenge you.” The phrase “I am against you” may be a formula for challenging someone to combat or a duel. See D. I. Block, Ezekiel (NICOT), 1:201-2, and P. Humbert, “Die Herausforderungsformel ‘h!nn#n' ?l?K>,’” ZAW 45 (1933): 101-8.

[29:3]  ²⁷ tn Heb “jackals,” but many medieval Hebrew mss read correctly “the serpent.” The Hebrew term appears to refer to a serpent in Exod 7:9-10, 12; Deut 32:33; and Ps 91:13. It also refers to large creatures that inhabit the sea (Gen 1:21; Ps 148:7). In several passages it is associated with the sea or with the multiheaded sea monster Leviathan (Job 7:12; Ps 74:13; Isa 27:1; 51:9). Because of the Egyptian setting of this prophecy and the reference to the creature’s scales (v. 4), many understand a crocodile to be the referent here (e.g., NCV “a great crocodile”; TEV “you monster crocodile”; CEV “a giant crocodile”).

[29:3]  ²⁸ sn In Egyptian theology Pharaoh owned and controlled the Nile. See J. D. Currid, Ancient Egypt and the Old Testament, 240-44.

[11:15]  ²⁹ tc The MT reads “your brothers, your brothers” either for empahsis (D. I. Block, Ezekiel [NICOT], 1:341, n. 1; 346) or as a result of dittography.

[11:15]  ³⁰ tc The MT reads גְאֻלָּתֶךָ (gÿ’ullatekha, “your redemption-men”), referring to the relatives responsible for deliverance in times of hardship (see Lev 25:25-55). The LXX and Syriac read “your fellow exiles,” assuming an underlying Hebrew text of גָלוּתֶךָ (galutekha) or having read the א (aleph) as an internal mater lectionis for holem.

[11:15]  ³¹ map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.

[11:15]  ³² tc The MT has an imperative form (“go far!”), but it may be read with different vowels as a perfect verb (“they have gone far”).

[48:21]  ³³ tn Heb “twenty-five thousand cubits” (i.e., 13.125 kilometers).

[48:21]  ³⁴ tn Heb “twenty-five thousand cubits” (i.e., 13.125 kilometers).

[38:12]  ³⁵ tn Heb “to turn your hand against.”

[38:12]  ³⁶ tn The Hebrew term occurs elsewhere only in Judg 9:37. Perhaps it means “high point, top.”

[16:15]  ³⁷ tn Heb “it” (so KJV, ASV); the referent (the beauty in which the prostitute trusted, see the beginning of the verse) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[48:10]  ³⁸ tn Heb “twenty-five thousand cubits” (i.e., 13.125 kilometers).

[48:10]  ³⁹ tn Heb “ten thousand cubits” (i.e., 5.25 kilometers).

[48:10]  ⁴⁰ tn Heb “ten thousand cubits” (i.e., 5.25 kilometers).

[48:10]  ⁴¹ tn Heb “twenty-five thousand cubits” (i.e., 13.125 kilometers).

[44:28]  ⁴² sn See Num 18:20; Deut 10:9; 18:2; Josh 13:33; 18:7.

[47:14]  ⁴³ sn Gen 15:9-21.

[47:14]  ⁴⁴ tn Heb “will fall to you as an inheritance.”

[48:20]  ⁴⁵ tn Heb “twenty-five thousand cubits” (i.e., 13.125 kilometers).

[45:5]  ⁴⁶ tn Heb “twenty-five thousand cubits” (i.e., 13.125 kilometers).

[45:5]  ⁴⁷ tn Heb “ten thousand cubits” (i.e., 5.25 kilometers).

[45:5]  ⁴⁸ tc The translation follows the LXX here. The MT reads “twenty.” See L. C. Allen, Ezekiel (WBC), 2:246.

[45:6]  ⁴⁹ tn Heb “five thousand cubits” (i.e., 2.625 kilometers).

[45:6]  ⁵⁰ tn Heb “twenty-five thousand cubits” (i.e., 13.125 kilometers).

[45:9]  ⁵¹ sn Evictions of the less fortunate by the powerful are described in 1 Kgs 21:1-16; Jer 22:1-5, 13-17; Ezek 22:25.

[47:22]  ⁵² sn A similar attitude toward non-Israelites is found in Isa 56:3-8.

[48:14]  ⁵³ tn Or “holy.”

[1:18]  ⁵⁴ tc The MT reads וְיִרְאָה לָהֶם (vÿyir’ah lahem, “and fear belonged to them”). In a similar vision in 10:12 the wheels are described as having spokes (יִדֵיהֶם, yideyhem). That parallel would suggest יָדוֹת (yadot) here (written יָדֹת without the mater). By positing both a ד/ר (dalet/resh) confusion and a ת/ה (hey/khet) confusion the form was read as וְיָרֵה (vÿyareh) and was then misunderstood and subsequently written as וְיִרְאָה (vÿyir’ah) in the MT. The reading וְיִרְאָה does not seem to fit the context well, though in English it can be made to sound as if it does. See W. H. Brownlee, Ezekiel 1-19 (WBC), 8-9. The LXX reads καὶ εἶδον αὐτά (kai eidon auta, “and I saw”), which assumes וָאֵרֶא (va’ere’). The existing consonants of the MT may also be read as “it was visible to them.”

[7:14]  ⁵⁵ tn The Hebrew word refers to the din or noise made by a crowd, and by extension may refer to the crowd itself.

[23:5]  ⁵⁶ tn Heb “while she was under me.” The expression indicates that Oholah is viewed as the Lord’s wife. See Num 5:19-20, 29.

[23:5]  sn Played the harlot refers to alliances with pagan nations in this context. In Ezek 16 harlotry described the sin of idolatry.

[23:5]  ⁵⁷ tn Heb “Assyria.”

[23:5]  ⁵⁸ tn The term apparently refers to Assyrian military officers; it is better construed with the description that follows. See D. I. Block, Ezekiel (NICOT), 1:738.

[45:1]  ⁵⁹ tn Heb “a contribution.”

[45:1]  ⁶⁰ tn Heb “twenty-five thousand cubits” (i.e., 13.125 kilometers). The measuring units here are the Hebrew “long” cubit, consisting of a cubit (about 18 inches or 45 cm) and a handbreadth (about 3 inches or 7.5 cm), for a total of 21 inches (52.5 cm). Because modern readers are not familiar with the cubit as a unit of measurement, and due to the additional complication of the “long” cubit as opposed to the regular cubit, all measurements have been converted to American standard miles (one mile = 5,280 feet), with the Hebrew measurements and the metric equivalents given in the notes.

[45:1]  ⁶¹ tc The LXX reads “twenty thousand cubits.”

[45:1]  tn Heb “ten thousand cubits” (i.e., 5.25 kilometers).

[45:1]  ⁶² tn Heb “holy it is in all its territory round about.”

[1:10]  ⁶³ tc The MT has an additional word at the beginning of v. 11, וּפְנֵיהֶם (ufÿnehem, “and their faces”), which is missing from the LXX. As the rest of the verse only applies to wings, “their faces” would have to somehow be understood in the previous clause. But this would be very awkward and is doubly problematic since “their faces” are already introduced as the topic at the beginning of v. 10. The Hebrew scribe appears to have copied the phrase “and their faces and their wings” from v. 8, where it introduces the content of 9-11. Only “and (as for) their wings” belongs here.

[7:12]  ⁶⁴ tn Heb “wrath.” Context clarifies that God’s wrath is in view.

[9:5]  ⁶⁵ tn Heb “to these he said in my ears.”

[9:5]  ⁶⁶ tn The meaning of the Hebrew term is primarily emotional: “to pity,” which in context implies an action, as in being moved by pity in order to spare them from the horror of their punishment.

[10:9]  ⁶⁷ tn The word הִנֵּה (hinneh, traditionally “behold”) indicates becoming aware of something and has been translated here as a verb.

[10:9]  ⁶⁸ tn The MT repeats this phrase, a clear case of dittography.

[10:9]  ⁶⁹ tn Heb “Tarshish stone.” The meaning is uncertain. The term has also been translated “topaz” (NEB), “beryl” (KJV, NASB, NRSV), and “chrysolite” (RSV, NIV).

[18:14]  ⁷⁰ tn Heb “and he sees and does not do likewise.”

[23:29]  ⁷¹ tn The Hebrew term means “labor,” but by extension it can also refer to that for which one works.

[23:29]  ⁷² tn Heb “The nakedness of your prostitution will be exposed, and your obscene conduct and your harlotry.”

[47:13]  ⁷³ tc This translation follows the reading זֶה (zeh) instead of גֵּה (geh), a nonexistent word, as supported by the LXX.

[47:13]  ⁷⁴ tn Or “territory”; see D. I. Block, Ezekiel (NICOT), 2:715.

[47:13]  ⁷⁵ tc The grammar is awkward, though the presence of these words is supported by the versions. L. C. Allen (Ezekiel [WBC], 2:274) suggests that it is an explanatory gloss.

[47:13]  sn One portion for Ephraim, the other for Manasseh (Gen 48:17-20).

[7:13]  ⁷⁶ tc The translation follows the LXX for the first line of the verse, although the LXX has lost the second line due to homoioteleuton (similar endings of the clauses). The MT reads “The seller will not return to the sale.” This Hebrew reading has been construed as a reference to land redemption, the temporary sale of the use of property, with property rights returned to the seller in the year of Jubilee. But the context has no other indicator that land redemption is in view. If correct, the LXX evidence suggests that one of the cases of “the customer” has been replaced by “the seller” in the MT, perhaps due to hoimoioarcton (similar beginnings of the words).

[7:13]  ⁷⁷ tn The Hebrew word refers to the din or noise made by a crowd, and by extension may refer to the crowd itself.

[7:13]  ⁷⁸ tn Or “in their punishment.” The phrase “in/for [a person’s] iniquity” occurs fourteen times in Ezekiel: here and in v. 16; 3:18, 19; 4:17; 18:17, 18, 19, 20; 24:23; 33:6, 8, 9; 39:23. The Hebrew word for “iniquity” may also mean the “punishment for iniquity.”

[10:7]  ⁷⁹ tn Heb “the cherub.”

[10:7]  ⁸⁰ tn The Hebrew text adds, “from among the cherubim.”

[25:7]  ⁸¹ tc The translation here follows the marginal reading (Qere) of the Hebrew text. The consonantal text (Kethib) is meaningless.

[44:30]  ⁸² tn Heb has in addition “from your contributions,” a repetition unnecessary in English.