Yohanes 13:10-11

13:10 Jesus replied, ¹  “The one who has bathed needs only to wash his feet, ²  but is completely ³  clean. ⁴  And you disciples ⁵  are clean, but not every one of you.” 13:11 (For Jesus ⁶  knew the one who was going to betray him. For this reason he said, “Not every one of you is ⁷  clean.”) ⁸ 

Yohanes 13:18

The Announcement of Jesus’ Betrayal

13:18 “What I am saying does not refer to all of you. I know the ones I have chosen. But this is to fulfill the scripture, ⁹  ‘The one who eats my bread ¹⁰  has turned against me.’ ¹¹ 

Yohanes 13:26

13:26 Jesus replied, ¹²  “It is the one to whom I will give this piece of bread ¹³  after I have dipped it in the dish.” ¹⁴  Then he dipped the piece of bread in the dish ¹⁵  and gave it to Judas Iscariot, Simon’s son.

[13:10]  ¹ tn Grk “Jesus said to him.”

[13:10]  ² tn Grk “has no need except to wash his feet.”

[13:10]  ³ tn Or “entirely.”

[13:10]  ⁴ sn The one who has bathed needs only to wash his feet. A common understanding is that the “bath” Jesus referred to is the initial cleansing from sin, which necessitates only “lesser, partial” cleansings from sins after conversion. This makes a fine illustration from a homiletic standpoint, but is it the meaning of the passage? This seems highly doubtful. Jesus stated that the disciples were completely clean except for Judas (vv. 10b, 11). What they needed was to have their feet washed by Jesus. In the broader context of the Fourth Gospel, the significance of the foot-washing seems to point not just to an example of humble service (as most understand it), but something more – Jesus’ self-sacrificial death on the cross. If this is correct, then the foot-washing which they needed to undergo represented their acceptance of this act of self-sacrifice on the part of their master. This makes Peter’s initial abhorrence of the act of humiliation by his master all the more significant in context; it also explains Jesus’ seemingly harsh reply to Peter (above, v. 8; compare Matt 16:21-23 where Jesus says to Peter, “Get behind me, Satan”).

[13:10]  ⁵ tn The word “disciples” is supplied in English to clarify the plural Greek pronoun and verb. Peter is not the only one Jesus is addressing here.

[13:11]  ⁶ tn Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[13:11]  ⁷ tn Grk “Not all of you are.”

[13:11]  ⁸ sn This is a parenthetical note by the author.

[13:18]  ⁹ tn Grk “But so that the scripture may be fulfilled.”

[13:18]  ¹⁰ tn Or “The one who shares my food.”

[13:18]  ¹¹ tn Or “has become my enemy”; Grk “has lifted up his heel against me.” The phrase “to lift up one’s heel against someone” reads literally in the Hebrew of Ps 41 “has made his heel great against me.” There have been numerous interpretations of this phrase, but most likely it is an idiom meaning “has given me a great fall,” “has taken cruel advantage of me,” or “has walked out on me.” Whatever the exact meaning of the idiom, it clearly speaks of betrayal by a close associate. See E. F. F. Bishop, “‘He that eateth bread with me hath lifted up his heel against me’ – Jn xiii.18 (Ps xli.9),” ExpTim 70 (1958-59): 331-33.

[13:18]  sn A quotation from Ps 41:9.

[13:26]  ¹² tn Grk “Jesus answered.”

[13:26]  ¹³ sn The piece of bread was a broken-off piece of bread (not merely a crumb).

[13:26]  ¹⁴ tn Grk “after I have dipped it.” The words “in the dish” are not in the Greek text, but the presence of a bowl or dish is implied.

[13:26]  ¹⁵ tn The words “in the dish” are not in the Greek text, but the presence of a bowl or dish is implied.