Ibrani 13:1

Final Exhortations

13:1 Brotherly love must continue.

Ibrani 10:10

10:10 By his will ¹  we have been made holy through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all.

Ibrani 10:7

10:7 “Then I said, ‘Here I am: ²  I have come – it is written of me in the scroll of the book – to do your will, O God.’” ³ 

Ibrani 10:9

10:9 then he says, “Here I am: I have come to do your will.” ⁴  He does away with ⁵  the first to establish the second.

Ibrani 10:36

10:36 For you need endurance in order to do God’s will and so receive what is promised. ⁶ 

Ibrani 13:21

13:21 equip you with every good thing to do his will, working in us ⁷  what is pleasing before him through Jesus Christ, to whom be glory forever. ⁸  Amen.

Ibrani 11:32

11:32 And what more shall I say? For time will fail me if I tell of Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jephthah, of David and Samuel and the prophets.

Ibrani 4:1

God’s Promised Rest

4:1 Therefore we must be wary ⁹  that, while the promise of entering his rest remains open, none of you may seem to have come short of it.

Ibrani 12:28

12:28 So since we are receiving an unshakable kingdom, let us give thanks, and through this let us offer worship pleasing to God in devotion and awe.

Ibrani 13:15

13:15 Through him then let us continually offer up a sacrifice of praise to God, that is, the fruit of our lips, acknowledging his name.

Ibrani 10:23-24

10:23 And let us hold unwaveringly to the hope that we confess, for the one who made the promise is trustworthy. 10:24 And let us take thought of how to spur one another on to love and good works, ¹⁰ 

Ibrani 4:11

4:11 Thus we must make every effort to enter that rest, so that no one may fall by following the same pattern of disobedience.

Ibrani 13:4

13:4 Marriage must be honored among all and the marriage bed kept undefiled, for God will judge sexually immoral people and adulterers.

Ibrani 6:17

6:17 In the same way ¹¹  God wanted to demonstrate more clearly to the heirs of the promise that his purpose was unchangeable, ¹²  and so he intervened with an oath,

Ibrani 10:5

10:5 So when he came into the world, he said,

“Sacrifice and offering you did not desire, but a body you prepared for me.

Ibrani 5:11

The Need to Move on to Maturity

5:11 On this topic we have much to say ¹³  and it is difficult to explain, since you have become sluggish ¹⁴  in hearing.

Ibrani 4:14

Jesus Our Compassionate High Priest

4:14 Therefore since we have a great high priest who has passed through the heavens, Jesus the Son of God, let us hold fast to our confession.

Ibrani 1:6

1:6 But when he again brings ¹⁵  his firstborn into the world, he says, “Let all the angels of God worship him!” ¹⁶ 

Ibrani 13:18

13:18 Pray for us, for we are sure that we have a clear conscience and desire to conduct ourselves rightly in every respect.

Ibrani 12:1

The Lord’s Discipline

12:1 Therefore, since we are surrounded by such a great cloud of witnesses, ¹⁷  we must get rid of every weight and the sin that clings so closely, and run with endurance the race set out for us,

Ibrani 10:8

10:8 When he says above, “Sacrifices and offerings and whole burnt offerings and sin-offerings you did not desire nor did you take delight in them” ¹⁸  (which are offered according to the law),

Ibrani 12:17

12:17 For you know that ¹⁹  later when he wanted to inherit the blessing, he was rejected, for he found no opportunity for repentance, although he sought the blessing ²⁰  with tears.

Ibrani 10:25

10:25 not abandoning our own meetings, as some are in the habit of doing, but encouraging each other, and even more so because you see the day ²¹  drawing near. ²² 

Ibrani 3:1

Jesus and Moses

3:1 Therefore, holy brothers and sisters, ²³  partners in a heavenly calling, take note of Jesus, the apostle and high priest whom we confess, ²⁴ 

Ibrani 11:21

11:21 By faith Jacob, as he was dying, blessed each of the sons of Joseph and worshiped as he leaned on his staff. ²⁵ 

Ibrani 13:7

13:7 Remember your leaders, who spoke God’s message to you; reflect on the outcome of their lives and imitate their faith.

Ibrani 10:16

10:16 “This is the covenant that I will establish with them after those days, says the Lord. I will put ²⁶  my laws on their hearts and I will inscribe them on their minds,” ²⁷ 

Ibrani 8:11

8:11 “And there will be no need at all ²⁸  for each one to teach his countryman or each one to teach his brother saying, ‘Know the Lord,’ since they will all know me, from the least to the greatest. ²⁹ 

Ibrani 12:3

12:3 Think of him who endured such opposition against himself by sinners, so that you may not grow weary in your souls and give up.

Ibrani 13:5

13:5 Your conduct must be free from the love of money and you must be content with what you have, for he has said, “I will never leave you and I will never abandon you.” ³⁰ 

Ibrani 13:20

Benediction and Conclusion

13:20 Now may the God of peace who by the blood of the eternal covenant brought back from the dead the great shepherd of the sheep, our Lord Jesus Christ,

Ibrani 11:8

11:8 By faith Abraham obeyed when he was called to go out to a place he would later receive as an inheritance, and he went out without understanding where he was going.

Ibrani 8:5

8:5 The place where they serve is ³¹  a sketch ³²  and shadow of the heavenly sanctuary, just as Moses was warned by God as he was about to complete the tabernacle. For he says, “See that you make everything according to the design ³³  shown to you on the mountain.” ³⁴ 

Ibrani 8:10

8:10 “For this is the covenant that I will establish with the house of Israel after those days, says the Lord. I will put ³⁵  my laws in their minds ³⁶  and I will inscribe them on their hearts. And I will be their God and they will be my people. ³⁷ 

Ibrani 13:25

13:25 Grace be with you all. ³⁸ 

Ibrani 13:13

13:13 We must go out to him, then, outside the camp, bearing the abuse he experienced. ³⁹ 

Ibrani 10:37

10:37 For just a little longer ⁴⁰  and he who is coming will arrive and not delay. ⁴¹ 

Ibrani 6:3

6:3 And this is what we intend to do, ⁴²  if God permits.

Ibrani 10:22

10:22 let us draw near with a sincere heart in the assurance that faith brings, ⁴³  because we have had our hearts sprinkled clean from an evil conscience ⁴⁴  and our bodies washed in pure water.

Ibrani 6:12

6:12 so that you may not be sluggish, ⁴⁵  but imitators of those who through faith and perseverance inherit the promises.

Ibrani 6:11

6:11 But we passionately want each of you to demonstrate the same eagerness for the fulfillment of your hope until the end,

Ibrani 2:10

2:10 For it was fitting for him, for whom and through whom all things exist, ⁴⁶  in bringing many sons to glory, to make the pioneer ⁴⁷  of their salvation perfect through sufferings.

Ibrani 4:16

4:16 Therefore let us confidently approach the throne of grace to receive mercy and find grace whenever we need help. ⁴⁸ 

Ibrani 9:8

9:8 The Holy Spirit is making clear that the way into the holy place had not yet appeared as long as the old tabernacle ⁴⁹  was standing.

Ibrani 11:22

11:22 By faith Joseph, at the end of his life, ⁵⁰  mentioned the exodus of the sons of Israel ⁵¹  and gave instructions about his burial. ⁵² 

Ibrani 13:6

13:6 So we can say with confidence, “The Lord is my helper, and ⁵³  I will not be afraid. What can man do to me?” ⁵⁴ 

Ibrani 2:4

2:4 while God confirmed their witness ⁵⁵  with signs and wonders and various miracles and gifts of the Holy Spirit distributed ⁵⁶  according to his will.

Ibrani 11:6

11:6 Now without faith it is impossible to please him, for the one who approaches God must believe that he exists and that he rewards those who seek him.

Ibrani 10:19

Drawing Near to God in Enduring Faith

10:19 Therefore, brothers and sisters, ⁵⁷  since we have confidence to enter the sanctuary by the blood of Jesus,

Ibrani 13:17

13:17 Obey your leaders and submit to them, for they keep watch over your souls and will give an account for their work. ⁵⁸  Let them do this ⁵⁹  with joy and not with complaints, for this would be no advantage for you.

Ibrani 3:13

3:13 But exhort one another each day, as long as it is called “Today,” that none of you may become hardened by sin’s deception.

Ibrani 11:16

11:16 But as it is, ⁶⁰  they aspire to a better land, that is, a heavenly one. Therefore, God is not ashamed to be called their God, for he has prepared a city for them.

Ibrani 3:2

3:2 who is faithful to the one who appointed him, as Moses was also in God’s ⁶¹  house. ⁶² 

Ibrani 11:15

11:15 In fact, if they had been thinking of the land that they had left, they would have had opportunity to return.

Ibrani 6:18

6:18 so that we who have found refuge in him ⁶³  may find strong encouragement to hold fast to the hope set before us through two unchangeable things, since it is impossible for God to lie.

Ibrani 3:5

3:5 Now Moses was faithful in all God’s ⁶⁴  house ⁶⁵  as a servant, to testify to the things that would be spoken.

Ibrani 5:4

5:4 And no one assumes this honor ⁶⁶  on his own initiative, ⁶⁷  but only when called to it by God, ⁶⁸  as in fact Aaron was.

Ibrani 11:29

11:29 By faith they crossed the Red Sea as if on dry ground, but when the Egyptians tried it, they were swallowed up.

Ibrani 12:7

12:7 Endure your suffering ⁶⁹  as discipline; ⁷⁰  God is treating you as sons. For what son is there that a father does not discipline?

Ibrani 12:10

12:10 For they disciplined us for a little while as seemed good to them, but he does so for our benefit, that we may share his holiness.

Ibrani 12:14-15

Do Not Reject God’s Warning

12:14 Pursue peace with everyone, and holiness, ⁷¹  for without it no one will see the Lord. 12:15 See to it that no one comes short of the grace of God, that no one be like a bitter root springing up ⁷²  and causing trouble, and through him many become defiled.

Ibrani 12:20

12:20 For they could not bear what was commanded: “If even an animal touches the mountain, it must be stoned.” ⁷³ 

Ibrani 13:3

13:3 Remember those in prison as though you were in prison with them, ⁷⁴  and those ill-treated as though you too felt their torment. ⁷⁵ 

Ibrani 13:23

13:23 You should know that ⁷⁶  our brother Timothy has been released. If he comes soon, he will be with me when I see you. ⁷⁷ 

Ibrani 1:5

The Son Is Superior to Angels

1:5 For to which of the angels did God ⁷⁸  ever say, “You are my son! Today I have fathered you”? ⁷⁹  And in another place ⁸⁰  he says, ⁸¹  “I will be his father and he will be my son.” ⁸² 

Ibrani 5:7

5:7 During his earthly life ⁸³  Christ ⁸⁴  offered ⁸⁵  both requests and supplications, with loud cries and tears, to the one who was able to save him from death and he was heard because of his devotion.

Ibrani 8:9

8:9 “It will not be like the covenant ⁸⁶  that I made with their fathers, on the day when I took them by the hand to lead them out of Egypt, because they did not continue in my covenant and I had no regard for them, says the Lord.

Ibrani 12:2

12:2 keeping our eyes fixed on Jesus, the pioneer and perfecter of our faith. For the joy set out for him he endured the cross, disregarding its shame, and has taken his seat at the right hand of the throne of God. ⁸⁷ 

[10:10]  ¹ tn Grk “by which will.” Because of the length and complexity of the Greek sentence, a new sentence was started here in the translation.

[10:7]  ² tn Grk “behold,” but this construction often means “here is/there is” (cf. BDAG 468 s.v. ἰδού 2).

[10:7]  ³ sn A quotation from Ps 40:6-8 (LXX). The phrase a body you prepared for me (in v. 5) is apparently an interpretive expansion of the HT reading “ears you have dug out for me.”

[10:9]  ⁴ tc The majority of mss, especially the later ones (א² 0278^vid 1739 Ï lat), have ὁ θεός (Jo qeo", “God”) at this point, while most of the earliest and best witnesses lack such an explicit addressee (so Ì⁴⁶ א* A C D K P Ψ 33 1175 1881 2464 al). The longer reading is a palpable corruption, apparently motivated in part by the wording of Ps 40:8 (39:9 LXX) and by the word order of this same verse as quoted in Heb 10:7.

[10:9]  ⁵ tn Or “abolishes.”

[10:36]  ⁶ tn Grk “the promise,” referring to the thing God promised, not to the pledge itself.

[13:21]  ⁷ tc Some mss (C P Ψ 6 629* 630 1505 pm latt sy^h) read ὑμῖν (Jumin, “in you”) here, but ἡμῖν (Jhmin) has stronger external support (Ì⁴⁶ א A D^vid K 0243 0285 33 81 104 326 365 629^c 1175 1739 1881 pm sy^p co). It is also more likely that ἡμῖν would have been changed to ὑμῖν in light of the “you” which occurs at the beginning of the verse than vice versa.

[13:21]  ⁸ tc ‡ Most mss (א A [C*] 0243 0285 33 1739 1881 Ï latt) include the words “and ever” here, but the shorter reading (supported by Ì⁴⁶ C³ D Ψ 6 104 365 1505 al) is preferred on internal grounds. It seemed more likely that scribes would assimilate the wording to the common NT doxological expression “for ever and ever,” found especially in the Apocalypse (cf., e.g., 1 Tim 1:17; 2 Tim 4:18; Rev 4:9; 22:5) than to the “forever” of Heb 13:8. Nevertheless, a decision is difficult here. NA²⁷ places the phrase in brackets, indicating doubts as to its authenticity.

[4:1]  ⁹ tn Grk “let us fear.”

[10:24]  ¹⁰ tn Grk “let us consider one another for provoking of love and good deeds.”

[6:17]  ¹¹ tn Grk “in which.”

[6:17]  ¹² tn Or “immutable” (here and in v. 18); Grk “the unchangeableness of his purpose.”

[5:11]  ¹³ tn Grk “concerning which the message for us is great.”

[5:11]  ¹⁴ tn Or “dull.”

[1:6]  ¹⁵ tn Or “And again when he brings.” The translation adopted in the text looks forward to Christ’s second coming to earth. Some take “again” to introduce the quotation (as in 1:5) and understand this as Christ’s first coming, but this view does not fit well with Heb 2:7. Others understand it as his exaltation/ascension to heaven, but this takes the phrase “into the world” in an unlikely way.

[1:6]  ¹⁶ sn A quotation combining themes from Deut 32:43 and Ps 97:7.

[12:1]  ¹⁷ tn Grk “having such a great cloud of witnesses surrounding us.”

[10:8]  ¹⁸ sn Various phrases from the quotation of Ps 40:6 in Heb 10:5-6 are repeated in Heb 10:8.

[12:17]  ¹⁹ tn Or a command: “for understand that.”

[12:17]  ²⁰ tn Grk “it,” referring either to the repentance or the blessing. But the account in Gen 27:34-41 (which the author appeals to here) makes it clear that the blessing is what Esau sought. Thus in the translation the referent (the blessing) is specified for clarity.

[10:25]  ²¹ sn The day refers to that well-known time of Christ’s coming and judgment in the future; see a similar use of “day” in 1 Cor 3:13.

[10:25]  ²² tn This paragraph (vv. 19-25) is actually a single, skillfully composed sentence in Greek, but it must be broken into shorter segments for English idiom. It begins with several subordinate phrases (since we have confidence and a great priest), has three parallel exhortations as its main verbs (let us draw near, hold, and take thought), and concludes with several subordinate phrases related to the final exhortation (not abandoning but encouraging).

[3:1]  ²³ tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 2:11.

[3:1]  ²⁴ tn Grk “of our confession.”

[11:21]  ²⁵ tn Grk “worshiped on the top of his staff,” a quotation from Gen 47:31 (LXX).

[10:16]  ²⁶ tn Grk “putting…I will inscribe.”

[10:16]  ²⁷ sn A quotation from Jer 31:33.

[8:11]  ²⁸ tn Grk “they will not teach, each one his fellow citizen…” The Greek makes this negation emphatic: “they will certainly not teach.”

[8:11]  ²⁹ tn Grk “from the small to the great.”

[13:5]  ³⁰ sn A quotation from Deut 31:6, 8.

[8:5]  ³¹ tn Grk “who serve in,” referring to the Levitical priests, but focusing on the provisional and typological nature of the tabernacle in which they served.

[8:5]  ³² tn Or “prototype,” “outline.” The Greek word ὑπόδειγμα (Jupodeigma) does not mean “copy,” as it is often translated; it means “something to be copied,” a basis for imitation. BDAG 1037 s.v. 2 lists both Heb 8:5 and 9:23 under the second category of usage, “an indication of someth. that appears at a subsequent time,” emphasizing the temporal progression between the earthly and heavenly sanctuaries.

[8:5]  sn There are two main options for understanding the conceptual background of the heavenly sanctuary imagery. The first is to understand the imagery to be functioning on a vertical plane. This background is Hellenistic, philosophical, and spatial in orientation and sees the earthly sanctuary as a copy of the heavenly reality. The other option is to see the imagery functioning on a horizontal plane. This background is Jewish, eschatological, and temporal and sees the heavenly sanctuary as the fulfillment and true form of the earthly sanctuary which preceded it. The second option is preferred, both for lexical reasons (see tn above) and because it fits the Jewish context of the book (although many scholars prefer to emphasize the relationship the book has to Hellenistic thought).

[8:5]  ³³ tn The word τύπος (tupos) here has the meaning “an archetype serving as a model, type, pattern, model” (BDAG 1020 s.v. 6.a). This is in keeping with the horizontal imagery accepted for this verse (see sn on “sketch” earlier in the verse). Here Moses was shown the future heavenly sanctuary which, though it did not yet exist, became the outline for the earthly sanctuary.

[8:5]  ³⁴ sn A quotation from Exod 25:40.

[8:10]  ³⁵ tn Grk “putting…I will inscribe.”

[8:10]  ³⁶ tn Grk “mind.”

[8:10]  ³⁷ tn Grk “I will be to them for a God and they will be to me for a people,” following the Hebrew constructions of Jer 31.

[13:25]  ³⁸ tc Most witnesses, including several important ones (א² A C D H Ψ 0243 1739 1881 Ï lat sy bo), conclude the letter with ἀμήν (amhn, “amen”). Such a conclusion is routinely added by scribes to NT books because a few of these books originally had such an ending (cf. Rom 16:27; Gal 6:18; Jude 25). A majority of Greek witnesses have the concluding ἀμήν in every NT book except Acts, James, and 3 John (and even in these books, ἀμήν is found in some witnesses). It is thus a predictable variant. Further, there is sufficient testimony (Ì⁴⁶ א* I^vid 6 33 sa) for the lack of the particle, rendering its omission the preferred reading.

[13:13]  ³⁹ tn Grk “his abuse.”

[10:37]  ⁴⁰ sn A quotation from Isa 26:20.

[10:37]  ⁴¹ sn A quotation from Hab 2:3.

[6:3]  ⁴² tn Grk “and we will do this.”

[10:22]  ⁴³ tn Grk “in assurance of faith.”

[10:22]  ⁴⁴ sn The phrase our hearts sprinkled clean from an evil conscience combines the OT imagery of the sprinkling with blood to give ritual purity with the emphasis on the interior cleansing provided by the new covenant: It is the heart that is cleansed and the conscience made perfect (cf. Heb 8:10; 9:9, 14; 10:2, 16).

[6:12]  ⁴⁵ tn Or “dull.”

[2:10]  ⁴⁶ tn Grk “for whom are all things and through whom are all things.”

[2:10]  ⁴⁷ sn The Greek word translated pioneer is used of a “prince” or leader, the representative head of a family. It also carries nuances of “trailblazer,” one who breaks through to new ground for those who follow him. It is used some thirty-five times in the Greek OT and four times in the NT, always of Christ (Acts 3:15; 5:31; Heb 2:10; 12:2).

[4:16]  ⁴⁸ tn Grk “for timely help.”

[9:8]  ⁴⁹ tn Grk “the first tent.” The literal phrase “the first tent” refers to either (1) the outer chamber of the tabernacle in the wilderness (as in vv. 2, 6) or (2) the entire tabernacle as a symbol of the OT system of approaching God. The second is more likely given the contrast that follows in vv. 11-12.

[11:22]  ⁵⁰ tn Grk “coming to an end,” “dying.”

[11:22]  ⁵¹ sn Joseph’s prophecy about the exodus of the sons of Israel is found in Gen 50:24.

[11:22]  ⁵² tn Grk “about his bones,” which refers by metonymy to the disposition of his bones, i.e., his burial.

[11:22]  sn The instructions about his burial are recorded in Gen 50:25.

[13:6]  ⁵³ tc Some important mss (א* C* P 0285^vid 33 1175 1739 pc lat) lack καί (kai), but because the omission conforms to the wording of Ps 118:6 (117:6 LXX), it is suspect.

[13:6]  ⁵⁴ sn A quotation from Ps 118:6.

[2:4]  ⁵⁵ tn Grk “God bearing witness together” (the phrase “with them” is implied).

[2:4]  ⁵⁶ tn Grk “and distributions of the Holy Spirit.”

[10:19]  ⁵⁷ tn Grk “brothers.” See note on the phrase “brothers and sisters” in 2:11.

[13:17]  ⁵⁸ tn Or “as ones who will give an account”; Grk “as giving an account.”

[13:17]  ⁵⁹ tn Grk “that they may do this.”

[11:16]  ⁶⁰ tn Grk “now.”

[3:2]  ⁶¹ tn Grk “his”; in the translation the referent (God) has been specified for clarity.

[3:2]  ⁶² tc ‡ The reading adopted by the translation follows a few early mss and some versions (Ì^13,46vid B vg^ms co Ambr). The majority of mss (א A C D Ψ 0243 0278 33 1739 1881 Ï lat sy) insert “all” (“in all his house”), apparently in anticipation of Heb 3:5 which quotes directly from Num 12:7. On balance, the omission better explains the rise of ὅλῳ ({olw, “all”) than vice versa. NA²⁷ puts ὅλῳ in brackets, indicating doubts as to its authenticity.

[6:18]  ⁶³ tn Grk “have taken refuge”; the basis of that refuge is implied in the preceding verse.

[3:5]  ⁶⁴ tn Grk “his”; in the translation the referent (God) has been specified for clarity.

[3:5]  ⁶⁵ sn A quotation from Num 12:7.

[5:4]  ⁶⁶ sn Honor refers here to the honor of the high priesthood.

[5:4]  ⁶⁷ tn Grk “by himself, on his own.”

[5:4]  ⁶⁸ tn Grk “being called by God.”

[12:7]  ⁶⁹ tn Grk “endure,” with the object (“your suffering”) understood from the context.

[12:7]  ⁷⁰ tn Or “in order to become disciplined.”

[12:14]  ⁷¹ sn The references to peace and holiness show the close connection between this paragraph and the previous one. The pathway toward “holiness” and the need for it is cited in Heb 12:10 and 14. More importantly Prov 4:26-27 sets up the transition from one paragraph to the next: It urges people to stay on godly paths (Prov 4:26, quoted here in v. 13) and promises that God will lead them in peace if they do so (Prov 4:27 [LXX], quoted in v. 14).

[12:15]  ⁷² tn Grk “that there not be any root of bitterness,” but referring figuratively to a person who causes trouble (as in Deut 29:17 [LXX] from which this is quoted).

[12:15]  sn An allusion to Deut 29:18.

[12:20]  ⁷³ sn A quotation from Exod 19:12-13.

[13:3]  ⁷⁴ tn Grk “as being imprisoned together.”

[13:3]  ⁷⁵ tn Or “since you too are vulnerable”; Grk “you also being in the body.”

[13:23]  ⁷⁶ tn Grk “Know that” (an imperative).

[13:23]  ⁷⁷ tn Grk “has been released, with whom, if he comes soon, I will see you.”

[1:5]  ⁷⁸ tn Grk “he”; the referent (God) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[1:5]  ⁷⁹ tn Grk “I have begotten you.”

[1:5]  sn A quotation from Ps 2:7.

[1:5]  ⁸⁰ tn Grk “And again,” quoting another OT passage.

[1:5]  ⁸¹ tn The words “he says” are not in the Greek text but are supplied to make a complete English sentence. In the Greek text this is a continuation of the previous sentence, but English does not normally employ such long and complex sentences.

[1:5]  ⁸² tn Grk “I will be a father to him and he will be a son to me.”

[1:5]  sn A quotation from 2 Sam 7:14 (cf. 1 Chr 17:13).

[5:7]  ⁸³ tn Grk “in the days of his flesh.”

[5:7]  ⁸⁴ tn Grk “he”; the referent (Christ) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[5:7]  ⁸⁵ tn Grk “who…having offered,” continuing the description of Christ from Heb 5:5-6.

[8:9]  ⁸⁶ tn Grk “not like the covenant,” continuing the description of v. 8b.

[12:2]  ⁸⁷ sn An allusion to Ps 110:1.