Ayub 30:15

30:15 Terrors are turned loose ¹  on me;

they drive away ²  my honor like the wind,

and like a cloud my deliverance has passed away.

Amsal 4:19

4:19 The way of the wicked is like gloomy darkness; ³ 

they do not know what causes them to stumble. ⁴ 

Yesaya 8:22

8:22 When one looks out over the land, he sees ⁵  distress and darkness, gloom ⁶  and anxiety, darkness and people forced from the land. ⁷ 

Yeremia 13:16

13:16 Show the Lord your God the respect that is due him. ⁸ 

Do it before he brings the darkness of disaster. ⁹ 

Do it before you stumble ¹⁰  into distress

like a traveler on the mountains at twilight. ¹¹ 

Do it before he turns the light of deliverance you hope for

into the darkness and gloom of exile. ¹² 

Matius 8:12

8:12 but the sons of the kingdom will be thrown out into the outer darkness, where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.” ¹³ 

[30:15]  ¹ tn The passive singular verb (Hophal) is used with a plural subject (see GKC 388 §121.b).

[30:15]  ² tc This translation assumes that “terrors” (in the plural) is the subject. Others emend the text in accordance with the LXX, which has, “my hope is gone like the wind.”

[4:19]  ³ sn The simile describes ignorance or spiritual blindness, sinfulness, calamity, despair.

[4:19]  ⁴ tn Heb “in what they stumble.”

[8:22]  ⁵ tn Heb “and behold” (so KJV, ASV, NASB).

[8:22]  ⁶ tn The precise meaning of מְעוּף (mÿ’uf) is uncertain; the word occurs only here. See BDB 734 s.v. מָעוּף.

[8:22]  ⁷ tn Heb “ and darkness, pushed.” The word מְנֻדָּח (mÿnudakh) appears to be a Pual participle from נדח (“push”), but the Piel is unattested for this verb and the Pual occurs only here.

[13:16]  ⁸ tn Heb “Give glory/respect to the Lord your God.” For this nuance of the word “glory” (כָּבוֹד, kavod), see BDB 459 s.v. כָּבוֹד 6.b and compare the usage in Mal 1:6 and Josh 7:19.

[13:16]  ⁹ tn The words “of disaster” are not in the text. They are supplied in the translation to explain the significance of the metaphor to readers who may not be acquainted with the metaphorical use of light and darkness for salvation and joy and distress and sorrow respectively.

[13:16]  sn For the metaphorical use of these terms the reader should consult O. A. Piper, “Light, Light and Darkness,” IDB 3:130-32. For the association of darkness with the Day of the Lord, the time when he will bring judgment, see, e.g., Amos 5:18-20. For the association of darkness with exile see Isa 9:1-2 (8:23-9:1 HT).

[13:16]  ¹⁰ tn Heb “your feet stumble.”

[13:16]  ¹¹ tn Heb “you stumble on the mountains at twilight.” The added words are again supplied in the translation to help explain the metaphor to the uninitiated reader.

[13:16]  ¹² tn Heb “and while you hope for light he will turn it into deep darkness and make [it] into gloom.” The meaning of the metaphor is again explained through the addition of the “of” phrases for readers who are unacquainted with the metaphorical use of these terms.

[13:16]  sn For the meaning and usage of the term “deep darkness” (צַלְמָוֶת, tsalmavet), see the notes on Jer 2:6. For the association of the term with exile see Isa 9:2 (9:1 HT). For the association of the word gloom with the Day of the Lord see Isa 60:2; Joel 2:2; Zeph 1:15.

[8:12]  ¹³ sn Weeping and gnashing of teeth is a figure for remorse and trauma, which occurs here because of exclusion from God’s promise.