Ratapan 3:30

3:30 Let him offer his cheek to the one who hits him; ¹ 

let him have his fill of insults.

Mikha 5:1

5:1 (4:14) ²  But now slash yourself, ³  daughter surrounded by soldiers! ⁴ 

We are besieged!

With a scepter ⁵  they strike Israel’s ruler ⁶ 

on the side of his face.

Matius 5:39

5:39 But I say to you, do not resist the evildoer. ⁷  But whoever strikes you on the ⁸  right cheek, turn the other to him as well.

Matius 26:67

26:67 Then they spat in his face and struck him with their fists. And some slapped him,

Matius 27:26

27:26 Then he released Barabbas for them. But after he had Jesus flogged, ⁹  he handed him over ¹⁰  to be crucified. ¹¹ 

Markus 14:65

14:65 Then ¹²  some began to spit on him, and to blindfold him, and to strike him with their fists, saying, “Prophesy!” The guards also took him and beat ¹³  him.

Markus 15:19

15:19 Again and again ¹⁴  they struck him on the head with a staff ¹⁵  and spit on him. Then they knelt down and paid homage to him.

Lukas 22:63-64

22:63 Now ¹⁶  the men who were holding Jesus ¹⁷  under guard began to mock him and beat him. 22:64 They ¹⁸  blindfolded him and asked him repeatedly, ¹⁹  “Prophesy! Who hit you?” ²⁰ 

Yohanes 18:22

18:22 When Jesus ²¹  had said this, one of the high priest’s officers who stood nearby struck him on the face and said, ²²  “Is that the way you answer the high priest?”

Ibrani 12:2

12:2 keeping our eyes fixed on Jesus, the pioneer and perfecter of our faith. For the joy set out for him he endured the cross, disregarding its shame, and has taken his seat at the right hand of the throne of God. ²³ 

[3:30]  ¹ tn Heb “to the smiter.”

[5:1]  ² sn Beginning with 5:1, the verse numbers through 5:15 in the English Bible differ by one from the verse numbers in the Hebrew text (BHS), with 5:1 ET = 4:14 HT, 5:2 ET = 5:1 HT, 5:3 ET = 5:2 HT, etc., through 5:15 ET = 5:14 HT. From 6:1 the verse numbers in the English Bible and the Hebrew Bible are again the same.

[5:1]  ³ tn The Hebrew verb גָדַד (gadad) can be translated “slash yourself” or “gather in troops.” A number of English translations are based on the latter meaning (e.g., NASB, NIV, NLT).

[5:1]  sn Slash yourself. Slashing one’s body was a form of mourning. See Deut 14:1; 1 Kgs 18:28; Jer 16:6; 41:5; 47:5.

[5:1]  ⁴ tn Heb “daughter of a troop of warriors.”

[5:1]  sn The daughter surrounded by soldiers is an image of the city of Jerusalem under siege (note the address “Daughter Jerusalem” in 4:8).

[5:1]  ⁵ tn Or “staff”; KJV, NAB, NASB, NIV, NRSV, NLT “rod”; CEV “stick”; NCV “club.”

[5:1]  sn Striking a king with a scepter, a symbol of rulership, would be especially ironic and humiliating.

[5:1]  ⁶ tn Traditionally, “the judge of Israel” (so KJV, NASB).

[5:39]  ⁷ tn The articular πονηρός (ponhro", “the evildoer”) cannot be translated simply as “evil” for then the command would be “do not resist evil.” Every instance of this construction in Matthew is most likely personified, referring either to an evildoer (13:49) or, more often, “the evil one” (as in 5:37; 6:13; 13:19, 38).

[5:39]  ⁸ tc ‡ Many mss (B D K L Δ Θ Ë¹³ 565 579 700 1424 pm) have σου (sou) here (“your right cheek”), but many others lack the pronoun (א W ˹ 33 892 1241 pm). The pronoun was probably added by way of clarification. NA²⁷ has σου in brackets, indicating doubt as to its authenticity.

[27:26]  ⁹ tn The Greek term φραγελλόω (fragellow) refers to flogging. BDAG 1064 s.v. states, “flog, scourge, a punishment inflicted on slaves and provincials after a sentence of death had been pronounced on them. So in the case of Jesus before the crucifixion…Mt 27:26; Mk 15:15.”

[27:26]  sn A Roman flogging (traditionally, “scourging”) was an excruciating punishment. The victim was stripped of his clothes and bound to a post with his hands fastened above him (or sometimes he was thrown to the ground). Guards standing on either side of the victim would incessantly beat him with a whip (flagellum) made out of leather with pieces of lead and bone inserted into its ends. While the Jews only allowed 39 lashes, the Romans had no such limit; many people who received such a beating died as a result. See C. Schneider, TDNT, 515-19.

[27:26]  ¹⁰ tn Or “delivered him up.”

[27:26]  ¹¹ sn See the note on crucified in 20:19.

[14:65]  ¹² tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.

[14:65]  ¹³ tn For the translation of ῥάπισμα (rJapisma), see L&N 19.4.

[15:19]  ¹⁴ tn The verb here has been translated as an iterative imperfect.

[15:19]  ¹⁵ tn Or “a reed.” The Greek term can mean either “staff” or “reed.” See BDAG 502 s.v. κάλαμος 2.

[22:63]  ¹⁶ tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the transition to a new topic.

[22:63]  ¹⁷ tn Grk “him”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[22:64]  ¹⁸ tn Here καί (kai) has not been translated because of differences between Greek and English style.

[22:64]  ¹⁹ tn The verb ἐπηρώτων (ephrwtwn) has been translated as an iterative imperfect. The participle λέγοντες (legontes) is redundant in English and has not been translated here.

[22:64]  ²⁰ tn Grk “Who is the one who hit you?”

[22:64]  sn Who hit you? This is a variation of one of three ancient games that involved blindfolds.

[18:22]  ²¹ tn Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[18:22]  ²² tn Grk “one of the high priest’s servants standing by gave Jesus a strike, saying.” For the translation of ῥάπισμα (rJapisma), see L&N 19.4.

[12:2]  ²³ sn An allusion to Ps 110:1.